ReviewFrontiers in immunology2018
Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: A Strong Imbalance of Good and Bad Immunological Cops in the Tumor Microenvironment.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 89 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
89 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 144 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prognostic Implications of Intratumoral and Peritumoral Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2021Pooled it
- Mistletoe extract in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer: Health-related quality of life in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial (MISTRAL).Palliative medicine · 2026Trial
- Article
- The interplay between p21-activated kinases and tumour-infiltrating dendritic cells and T cells and its implication in pancreatic cancer immunotherapy.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Review
- Tumor-Infiltrating Natural Killer Cell Characterization in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.Cells · 2026Article
- The pancreatic tumor microenvironment of treatment-naïve patients causes a functional shift in γδ T cells, impairing their anti-tumoral defense.Oncoimmunology · 2025Article
- Tumor Microenvironment: Recent Advances in Immunotherapies of Pancreatic Cancer.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Review
- Are Probiotics Beneficial or Harmful for Pancreatic Cancer Outcomes?Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2025Article
- Inflammation, Immunosuppression, and Immunotherapy in Pancreatic Cancer-Where Are We Now?Cancers · 2025Review
- Reprogramming the tumor microenvironment to overcome immunotherapy resistance in pancreatic cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Suppressing glutamine metabolism in the pancreatic cancer microenvironment can enhance the anti-tumor effect of CD8 T cells and promote the efficacy of immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Preclinical Evaluation of AZD6422, an Armored Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Targeting CLDN18.2 in Gastric, Pancreatic, and Esophageal Cancers.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2024Article
- Comparative immune profiling of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma progression among South African patients.BMC cancer · 2024Article
- A Novel Pancreatic Cancer Hypoxia Status Related Gene Signature for Prognosis and Therapeutic Responses.Molecular biotechnology · 2024Review
- Deubiquitinating enzymes: potential regulators of the tumor microenvironment and implications for immune evasion.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2024Review
- Article
- Impact of intratumoral microbiome on tumor immunity and prognosis in human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.Journal of gastroenterology · 2024Article
- Clinically relevant orthotopic pancreatic cancer models for adoptive T cell transfer therapy.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2024Article
- A novel NR4A2-HuR axis promotes pancreatic cancer growth and tumorigenesis that is inhibited by NR4A2 antagonists.American journal of cancer research · 2024Article
- Role of tertiary lymphoid structures and B cells in clinical immunotherapy of gastric cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
29 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most aggressive and lethal cancers with very few available treatments. For many decades, gemcitabine was the only treatment for patients with PDAC. A recent attempt to improve patient survival by combining this chemotherapy with FOLFIRINOX and nab-paclitaxel failed and instead resulted in increased toxicity. Novel therapies are urgently required to improve PDAC patient survival. New treatments in other cancers such as melanoma, non-small-cell lung cancer, and renal cancer have emerged, based on immunotherapy targeting the immune checkpoints cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 or programmed death 1 ligand. However, the first clinical trials using such immune checkpoint inhibitors in PDAC have had limited success. Resistance to immunotherapy in PDAC remains unclear but could be due to tissue components (cancer-associated fibroblasts, desmoplasia, hypoxia) and to the imbalance between immunosuppressive and effector immune populations in the tumor microenvironment. In this review, we analyzed the presence of "good and bad immunological cops" in PDAC and discussed the significance of changes in their balance.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.