ReviewFrontiers in psychiatry2018
Single-Prolonged Stress: A Review of Two Decades of Progress in a Rodent Model of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder.
Review in Frontiers in psychiatry, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 123 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
123 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Impaired learning, memory, and extinction in posttraumatic stress disorder: translational meta-analysis of clinical and preclinical studies.Translational psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- Systematic Review and Methodological Considerations for the Use of Single Prolonged Stress and Fear Extinction Retention in Rodents.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2021Pooled it
- The microbiome and PTSD: a scoping review across preclinical and clinical studies.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2026Article
- Post-traumatic stress disorder: pathogenesis, epidemiological characteristics, animal models, and potential therapeutic strategies.Military Medical Research · 2026Review
- Aripiprazole modulates splenic microbiota and immune response elicited by single prolonged stress in rats.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2026Article
- HIF-1α and HIF-2α Are Upregulated in the Hippocampus but Not in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex in Experimental PTSD.Brain and behavior · 2026Article
- Hypothesis on PTSD Pathophysiology: Role of CRH, Noradrenaline, and Glucocorticoid Receptors in an Amygdala-Centered Closed-Loop System.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Connectivity patterns in the DMN that are impacted by traumatic stress.Research square · 2026Article
- Stress-Enhanced Fear Learning in Rodents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Fear-Learning Sensitization After Severe Stress.Brain sciences · 2026Review
- Ginkgo biloba extract mitigates behavioral deficits, oxidative stress, and hippocampal remodeling in a rat model of PTSD.Behavioral and brain functions : BBF · 2026Article
- Preventing traumatic stress-induced behavioral abnormalities in rats with blue light phototherapy.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- D[HisPsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- From Acute Stress to Long-Term Dysregulation: Changes in Hematological and Hormonal Parameters in the Long-Term Post-Stress Period in a Modified SPS&S Model.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- The Single-Prolonged Stress Model Fails to Produce Behavioral or Corticosterone Alterations in Rats.eNeuro · 2026Article
- Reactive Microglia-Mediated Synaptic Engulfment in the Basolateral Amygdala may Contribute to Preoperative Anxiety-Induced Postoperative Hyperalgesia.Neurochemical research · 2026Article
- Mode-dependent effects of chemical, intermittent, and hypobaric hypoxia on HIF-1α, HIF-2α, HIF-3α, PACAP, and PAI mRNA expression in the single prolonged stress model of PTSD.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Review
- Sexually dimorphic effects of single prolonged stress on conditioned suppression behavior in Long Evans rats with no detection of altered mRNA expression of VGLUT1, GAD1, and Arc in the ventral hippocampus.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2026Article
- Using in vivo MRI to reveal circuits that are sensitive to traumatic stress in male and female rats.Neuropharmacology · 2025Article
- Profiling of research domain criteria-based behaviors following single prolonged stress in male C57BL/6J mice.Stress (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025Article
- Modulating Role of Resveratrol in Metabolic and Inflammatory Dysregulation Caused by Surgical and Psychoemotional Stress in Rats.Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2025Article
63 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common, costly, and often debilitating psychiatric condition. However, the biological mechanisms underlying this disease are still largely unknown or poorly understood. Considerable evidence indicates that PTSD results from dysfunction in highly-conserved brain systems involved in stress, anxiety, fear, and reward. Pre-clinical models of traumatic stress exposure are critical in defining the neurobiological mechanisms of PTSD, which will ultimately aid in the development of new treatments for PTSD. Single prolonged stress (SPS) is a pre-clinical model that displays behavioral, molecular, and physiological alterations that recapitulate many of the same alterations observed in PTSD, illustrating its validity and giving it utility as a model for investigating post-traumatic adaptations and pre-trauma risk and protective factors. In this manuscript, we review the present state of research using the SPS model, with the goals of (1) describing the utility of the SPS model as a tool for investigating post-trauma adaptations, (2) relating findings using the SPS model to findings in patients with PTSD, and (3) indicating research gaps and strategies to address them in order to improve our understanding of the pathophysiology of PTSD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.