ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2018
Memory-related hippocampal activation in the sleeping toddler.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Neurophysiological Processing of Music in Children: A Systematic Review With Narrative Synthesis and Considerations for Clinical Practice in Music Therapy.Frontiers in psychology · 2021Pooled it
- Sleep forms flexible context representations in toddlers.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Trajectories of hippocampal subregion development in the first years of life and their association with school-aged episodic memory outcomes.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Infant long-term memory: The last quarter century and the next.Infant behavior & development · 2025Review
- A little imprecision goes a long way in launching memory development.Child development perspectives · 2025Article
- The importance of sleep for the developing brain.Current sleep medicine reports · 2024Article
- Infant neuroscience: how to measure brain activity in the youngest minds.Trends in neurosciences · 2024Review
- Review
- Early social communication through music: State of the art and future perspectives.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2023Review
- Baby Brains at Work: How Task-Based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Can Illuminate the Early Emergence of Psychiatric Risk.Biological psychiatry · 2023Review
- The hearing hippocampus.Progress in neurobiology · 2022Review
- Contributions of memory and brain development to the bioregulation of naps and nap transitions in early childhood.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
- Article
- Activation for newly learned words in left medial-temporal lobe during toddlers' sleep is associated with memory for words.Current biology : CB · 2021Article
- Age-Related Increases in Posterior Hippocampal Granularity Are Associated with Remote Detailed Episodic Memory in Development.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2021Article
- The Ontogeny of Hippocampus-Dependent Memories.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2021Review
- Re-imagining fMRI for awake behaving infants.Nature communications · 2020Article
- Neuroimaging the sleeping brain: Insight on memory functioning in infants and toddlers.Infant behavior & development · 2020Review
- The ontogeny of memory persistence and specificity.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Nonhuman research has implicated developmental processes within the hippocampus in the emergence and early development of episodic memory, but methodological challenges have hindered assessments of this possibility in humans. Here, we delivered a previously learned song and a novel song to 2-year-old toddlers during natural nocturnal sleep and, using functional magnetic resonance imaging, found that hippocampal activation was stronger for the learned song compared with the novel song. This was true regardless of whether the song was presented intact or backwards. Toddlers who remembered where and in the presence of which toy character they heard the song exhibited stronger hippocampal activation for the song. The results establish that hippocampal activation in toddlers reflects past experiences, persists despite some alteration of the stimulus, and is associated with behavior. This research sheds light on early hippocampal and memory functioning and offers an approach to interrogate the neural substrates of early memory.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.