ArticleJournal of translational medicine2018
Granulin epithelin precursor promotes colorectal carcinogenesis by activating MARK/ERK pathway.
Article in Journal of translational medicine, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Expression of progranulin (GP88) protein appears as an independent prognostic factor for clinical progression in high-risk prostate cancer patients.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- LncRNA DICER1-AS1 promotes colorectal cancer progression by activating the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway through sponging miR-650.Cancer medicine · 2023Article
- RAB27A promotes the proliferation and invasion of colorectal cancer cells.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Granulin as an important immune molecule involved in lamprey tissue repair and regeneration by promoting cell proliferation and migration.Cellular & molecular biology letters · 2022Article
- Combined miR-486 and GP88 (Progranulin) Serum Levels Are Suggested as Supportive Biomarkers for Therapy Decision in Elderly Prostate Cancer Patients.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Association of Progranulin Gene Expression from Dyspeptic Patients with VirulentMicroorganisms · 2022Article
- Granulin: An Invasive and Survival-Determining Marker in Colorectal Cancer Patients.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Anti-progranulin/GP88 antibody AG01 inhibits triple negative breast cancer cell proliferation and migration.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2021Article
- Article
- Verticillin A inhibits colon cancer cell migration and invasion by targeting c-Met.Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B · 2020Article
- MicroRNA-107 enhances radiosensitivity by suppressing granulin in PC-3 prostate cancer cells.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Progranulin sustains STAT3 hyper-activation and oncogenic function in colorectal cancer cells.Molecular oncology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundGranulin epithelin precursor (GEP) is reported to function as a growth factor stimulating proliferation and migration, and conferring chemoresistance in many cancer types. However, the expression and functional roles of GEP in colorectal cancer (CRC) remain elusive. The aim of this study was thus to investigate the clinical significance of GEP in CRC and reveal the molecular mechanism of GEP in CRC initiation and progression.
methodsThe mRNA expression of GEP in CRC cell lines were detected by qRT-PCR. The GEP protein expression was validated by immunohistochemistry in tissue microarray (TMA) including 190 CRC patient samples. The clinicopathological correlation analysis were achieved by GEP expression on TMA. Functional roles of GEP were determined by MTT proliferation, monolayer colony formation, cell invasion and migration and in vivo studies through siRNA/shRNA mediated knockdown assays. The cancer signaling pathway identification was acquired by flow cytometry, western blot and luciferase activity assays.
resultsThe mRNA expression of GEP in CRC was significantly higher than it in normal colon tissues. GEP protein was predominantly localized in the cytoplasm and most of the CRC cases demonstrated abundant GEP protein compared with non-tumorous tissues. GEP overexpression was associated with non-rectal location, advanced AJCC stage, regional lymph node and distant metastasis. By Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, GEP abundance served as a prognostic marker for worse survival in CRC patients. GEP knockdown exhibited anti-cancer effect such as inhibiting cell proliferation, monolayer colony formation, cell invasion and migration in DLD-1 and HCT 116 cells and decelerating xenograft formation in nude mice. siGEP also induced G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Luciferase activity assays further demonstrated GEP activation was involved in MAPK/ERK signaling pathway.
conclusionIn summary, we compressively delineate the oncogenic role of GEP in colorectal tumorigenesis by activating MAPK/ERK signaling pathway. GEP might serve as a useful prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for CRC.
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