ArticleBMC cancer2018
Effects of indole-3-carbinol on steroid hormone profile and tumor progression in a mice model of canine inflammatory mammarycancer.
Article in BMC cancer, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hormone, Targeted, and Combinational Therapies for Breast Cancers: From Humans to Dogs.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Pooled it
- Plant extracts and phytochemicals in canine and feline mammary cancer models: current evidence and comparative perspectives.Veterinary research communications · 2026Review
- Potential of Indole-3-Carbinol compounds from broccoli (Open veterinary journal · 2025Article
- Effect of sodium selenite on the synthesis of glucosinolates and antioxidant capacity in Chinese cabbage (Physiology and molecular biology of plants : an international journal of functional plant biology · 2024Article
- Canine as a Comparative and Translational Model for Human Mammary Tumor.Journal of breast cancer · 2023Review
- Review
- Impacts of Commonly Used Edible Plants on the Modulation of Platelet Function.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Diverse roles of microbial indole compounds in eukaryotic systems.Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · 2021Review
- Young Shoots of White and Red Headed Cabbages Like Novel Sources of Glucosinolates as Well as Antioxidative Substances.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Article
- From Conventional to Precision Therapy in Canine Mammary Cancer: A Comprehensive Review.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIndole-3-carbinol, derived from Cruciferous vegetables is an estrogen receptor antagonist considered a preventive agent that is naturally present in diet. There are no previous studies on its effects in human inflammatory breast cancer or canine inflammatory mammary cancer that is the most aggressive type of breast cancer.
methodsThe aim of this study was to analyze the effect of indole-3-carbinol on a SCID mice xenograft model of canine inflammatory mammary cancer, using equivalent human oral dose as a preventive therapy in humans for 3 weeks.
resultsIndole-3-carbinol treatment decreased tumor proliferation and increased apoptosis, although tumor embolization and liver metastasis were observed in some animals. There was a characteristic subpopulation of lipid-rich cells and increased contents of select steroid hormones in tumor homogenates and serum.
conclusionsOur data reveal for the first time that the ingestion of indole-3-carbinol, as administered, diminishes proliferation and increases apoptosis of tumor cells in an experimental model of inflammatory breast cancer, although this effect could not be enough to avoid the appearance of tumor embolization and metastasis. Future clinical trials will be needed to clarify the usefulness of indole-3-carbinol in this cancer and to understand the molecular mechanisms involved.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.