Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29865855›Full record

ArticleBiological research for nursing2018

Chronic Stress in Children and Adolescents: A Review of Biomarkers for Use in Pediatric Research.

Eileen M Condon

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Biological research for nursing, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
33citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
2.4field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

33 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 64 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  4. Review
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  15. Screen time and allostatic load among youth: findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2015-2018.Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine · 2025
    Article
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  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Biomarkers of Stress and Inflammation in Children.Biological research for nursing · 2023
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.

Eileen M Condon1 Yale School of Nursing, West Campus Drive, Orange, CT, USA.
Yale University · US

Funding

Research Training: Self and Family ManagementT32NR008346 · NINR · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI GREY, MARGARET · 2003 to 2018
$4.7M
Toxic Stress and Protective Factors in Multiethnic School Age ChildrenF31NR016385 · NINR · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI CONDON, EILEEN · 2016 to 2017
$80k
NINR NIH HHS F31 NR016385NINR NIH HHS T32 NR008346
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

problemIncorporating biomarkers of chronic stress into pediatric research studies may help to explicate the links between exposure to adversity and lifelong health, but there are currently very few parameters to guide nurse researchers in choosing appropriate biomarkers of chronic stress for use in research with children and adolescents.

methodsBiomarkers of chronic stress are described, including primary mediators (glucocorticoids, catecholamines, and cytokines) and secondary outcomes (neurologic, immune, metabolic, cardiovascular, respiratory, and anthropometric) of the chronic stress response.

resultsEvidence of the use of each biomarker in pediatric research studies is reviewed. Recommendations for pediatric researchers, including selection of appropriate biomarkers, measurement considerations, potential moderators, and future directions for research, are presented. DISCUSSION: A wide range of biomarkers is available for use in research studies with children. While primary mediators of chronic stress have been frequently measured in studies of children, measurement of secondary outcomes, particularly immune and metabolic biomarkers, has been limited. With thoughtful and theoretically based approaches to selection and measurement, these biomarkers present an important opportunity to further explore the physiologic pathways linking exposure to chronic stress with later health and disease.

conclusionThe incorporation of chronic stress biomarkers into pediatric research studies may provide valuable insight into the mechanisms through which stressful environments "get under the skin" and ultimately inform efforts to promote health and reduce inequities among children exposed to adversity.

Indexed as

Chronic DiseaseAdolescentBiomarkersBiomedical ResearchChildChild, PreschoolFemaleGeneral Adaptation SyndromeHumansMaleResearch DesignStress, PhysiologicalStress, PsychologicalBiomarkersallostasisbiomarkerschild healthstressvulnerable populations

Identifiers

PMID29865855
PMCPMC6346321
OpenAlexW2805379839

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.