ReviewCancer research2018
Targeting Rac and Cdc42 GTPases in Cancer.
Review in Cancer research, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06075810 (A Phase 1 Open-Label, First-in-Human Trial of Oral MBQ-167 as Single Agent in Participants With Advanced Breast Cancer), which is not on this map. Cited by 175 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Phase 1 Open-Label, First-in-Human Trial of Oral MBQ-167 as Single Agent in Participants With Advanced Breast Cancer
Who cites it
175 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 242 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of Cytoplasmic Actin Mutations in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma and Multiple Myeloma: A Functional Assessment Based on Actin Three-Dimensional Structures.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Pooled it
- M6 Metabolite Contributes to the Efficacy of the Rac/Cdc42 Inhibitor MBQ-167 in Metastatic Breast Cancer.Molecular cancer therapeutics · 2026Article
- How Functional Variants Reconfigure the Rac2 Conformational Landscape.The journal of physical chemistry. B · 2026Article
- How Functional Variants Reconfigure the Rac2 Conformational Landscape.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- The B7 family subgroup reflects tumor cell heterogeneity and patient post-operative prognosis in gallbladder cancer.Biology direct · 2026Article
- Medulloblastoma response to mevalonate pathway inhibition is independent of p53 status.Biology direct · 2026Article
- FAM168B identified as a novel candidate target for chimeric antigen receptor T cell-based cancer therapy.Discover oncology · 2026Review
- Neutrophil extracellular traps as biomarkers for predicting prognosis and chemotherapy response in colorectal cancer.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Targeting the ARL4C/RAP1/PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling loop promotes ARL4C ubiquitination and reverses oxaliplatin resistance in colorectal cancer.Theranostics · 2026Article
- Rac/Cdc42 inhibitors target pancreatic cancer cells and macrophages in the tumor microenvironment.Cancer treatment and research communications · 2026Article
- Decoding Rho GTPase signalling networks in directed cell migration.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- IQDMA disrupts STAT5 nuclear transport through CDC42-PAK2 axis collapse in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Targeting Cytoskeleton and Cell Motility: Past and Novel Strategies for Cancer Therapy.Oncology research · 2026Review
- Targeting CDC42 Protects Mitochondrial Function through KLF2/HIF-1α/PINK1 Signaling in Acute Kidney Injury.International journal of biological sciences · 2026Article
- New insights into the classification of the RAC1 P29S hotspot mutation in melanoma as an oncogene.Cancer gene therapy · 2025Article
- Emerging role of long non‑coding RNAs in the Rho/ROCK signaling pathway in tumor metastasis (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Novel Evolutionarily Conserved Oncogene COA4 is Driven by KRAS Mutant and Promotes Cancer Metastasis Through Dual Mitochondrial Metabolism-Dependent and -Independent Mechanisms.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Mapping the BCSC-1 interactome in breast cancer.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The aging factor EPS8 induces disease-related protein aggregation through RAC signaling hyperactivation.Nature aging · 2025Article
- VAV2 Drives EGFR-Mediated Rac1 Responses in Prostate Cancer.Molecular cancer research : MCR · 2025Article
115 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Rac and Cdc42 are small GTPases that have been linked to multiple human cancers and are implicated in epithelial to mesenchymal transition, cell-cycle progression, migration/invasion, tumor growth, angiogenesis, and oncogenic transformation. With the exception of the P29S driver mutation in melanoma, Rac and Cdc42 are not generally mutated in cancer, but are overexpressed (gene amplification and mRNA upregulation) or hyperactivated. Rac and Cdc42 are hyperactivated via signaling through oncogenic cell surface receptors, such as growth factor receptors, which converge on the guanine nucleotide exchange factors that regulate their GDP/GTP exchange. Hence, targeting Rac and Cdc42 represents a promising strategy for precise cancer therapy, as well as for inhibition of bypass signaling that promotes resistance to cell surface receptor-targeted therapies. Therefore, an understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of these pivotal signaling intermediates is key for the development of effective inhibitors. In this review, we focus on the role of Rac and Cdc42 in cancer and summarize the regulatory mechanisms, inhibitory efficacy, and the anticancer potential of Rac- and Cdc42-targeting agents.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.