ArticleJournal of diabetes research2018
Association of Metformin Treatment with Reduced Severity of Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetic Patients.
Article in Journal of diabetes research, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Associations of antidiabetic drugs with diabetic retinopathy in people with type 2 diabetes: an umbrella review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Pooled it
- Article
- Angiogenesis and inflammation in the retinopathy risk of insulin and semaglutide - a review.International journal of retina and vitreous · 2026Review
- Monocyte-derived exosomal periostin driven by histone lactylation contributes to retinal neovascularization.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Metformin and the Development of Age-Related Macular Degeneration.JAMA ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Association of metformin use with primary open-angle glaucoma using data from the National Institutes of HealthBMJ open ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Review
- The association between duration of metformin and sulfonylurea treatment and microvascular complications in patients with incident type 2 diabetes: a pooled cohort analysis.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2025Article
- Metabolomic biomarkers in vitreous humor: unveiling the molecular landscape of diabetic retinopathy progression.International journal of retina and vitreous · 2025Article
- Dose-Dependent Relationship Between Long-Term Metformin Use and the Risk of Diabetic Retinopathy: A Population-Based Cohort Study.Clinical drug investigation · 2025Article
- Impact of duration of treatments with metformin and sulfonylureas, individually or in combination, on diabetic retinopathy among newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients: a pooled cohort's analysis.International journal of retina and vitreous · 2025Article
- Effect of metformin on the level of aqueous humor inflammatory cytokines in patients with cataract.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Association of long-term use of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors with the risk of diabetic retinopathy in patients with diabetes mellitus: a real-world evidence study.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Systemic Predictors of Diabetic Retinopathy and Diabetic Macular Edema in an Adult Veteran Population.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Article
- Effect of Metformin on Meibomian Gland Epithelial Cells: Implications in Aging and Diabetic Dry Eye Disease.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Dry Eye in Diabetes: The Indian Diabetic and Endocrine Eye Diseases (INDEED) Review.TouchREVIEWS in endocrinology · 2024Review
- Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor add-on therapy for metformin delays diabetic retinopathy progression in diabetes patients: a population-based cohort study.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Alteration of intestinal microbiota is associated with diabetic retinopathy and its severity: Samples collected from southeast coast Chinese.World journal of diabetes · 2023Article
- Effects of medications on hypoxia-inducible factor in the retina: A review.Clinical & experimental ophthalmology · 2023Review
- A Drug-Drug Multicomponent Crystal of Metformin and Dobesilate: Crystal Structure Analysis and Hygroscopicity Property.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo evaluate effects of long-term metformin on the severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in high-risk type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients.
methodsA retrospective chart review study was conducted involving 335 DR patients with T2D ≥ 15 years from 1990 to 2013. The severity of DR was determined by Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study scale. The associations between metformin and DR severity were evaluated. Comparison with stratification for the use of sulfonylurea and insulin was performed to identify possible confounding effects.
resultsSevere nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy or proliferative diabetic retinopathy (SNPDR/PDR) was more often diagnosed in nonmetformin users (67/142, 47%) versus metformin users (48/193, 25%) (
conclusionsLong-term use of metformin is independently associated with a significant lower rate of SNPDR/PDR in patients with type 2 diabetes ≥ 15 years.
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Registered trials
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