ArticlePloS one2018
Both localized and systemic bacterial infections are predicted by injection drug use: A prospective follow-up study in Swedish criminal justice clients.
Article in PloS one, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Deep learning analysis of particle content in extracted slow-release morphine: longer boiling reduces large fragments while retaining morphine extraction.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Amphetamine use as a predictor of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular mortality and morbidity: a longitudinal cohort study of criminal justice clients.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Article
- Water, sanitation and hygiene insecurity predict abscess incidence among people who inject drugs in a binational US-Mexico metropolitan area: A longitudinal cohort study.The International journal on drug policy · 2024Article
- Mucocutaneous Manifestations of Recreational Drug Use.American journal of clinical dermatology · 2024Review
- Prevalence and incidence of emergency department presentations and hospital separations with injecting-related infections in a longitudinal cohort of people who inject drugs.Epidemiology and infection · 2023Article
- Review
- Implementation of an integrated infectious disease and substance use disorder team for injection drug use-associated infections: a qualitative study.Addiction science & clinical practice · 2023Article
- Acute injection-related infections requiring hospitalisation among people who inject drugs: Clinical features, microbiology and management.Drug and alcohol review · 2022Review
- Wounds and Skin and Soft Tissue Infections in People Who Inject Drugs and the Utility of Syringe Service Programs in Their Management.Advances in wound care · 2021Article
- Correlates of injection-related wounds and skin infections amongst persons who inject drugs and use a syringe service programme: A single center study.International wound journal · 2021Article
- Recurring Severe Injection-Related Infections in People Who Inject Drugs and the Need for Safe Injection Sites in Madrid, Spain.Open forum infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Soft Tissue, Bone, and Joint Infections in People Who Inject Drugs.Infectious disease clinics of North America · 2020Review
- Incidence and treatment costs of severe bacterial infections among people who inject heroin: A cohort study in South London, England.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2020Article
- Self-care habits among people who inject drugs with skin and soft tissue infections: a qualitative analysis.Harm reduction journal · 2019Article
- Association of Methadone Treatment With Substance-Related Hospital Admissions Among a Population in Canada With a History of Criminal Convictions.JAMA network open · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBoth skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI) and systemic bacterial infections are common in people who inject drugs (PWID), but data on incidence and risk factors are lacking. We compared registered diagnoses for such infections in Swedish criminal justice clients with regard to injecting drug use.
methodsBaseline interview data from the Swedish Prison and Probation Service on drug use in PWID and non-PWID with problematic alcohol use were linked to follow-up data from national Swedish registers on hospital diagnoses and/or death. Associations between drug use and later diagnosis of SSTI and systemic bacterial infection (septicemia or bacterial infection of the heart, bone/joints or central nervous system) were analyzed by Cox regression.
resultsIncidence rates of SSTI was 28.3 per 1,000 person-years for PWID (n = 2,444) and 10.0 for non-PWID with problematic alcohol use (n = 735). Incidence rates of systemic bacterial infection was 9.1 per 1,000 person-years for PWID and 2.7 per 1,000 person-years for non-PWID. Injection drug use was associated with a significantly increased risk of bacterial infections, for main drugs heroin (SSTI: Hazard ratio [HR] 2.45; systemic infection: HR 2.75), amphetamine (SSTI: HR 1.60; systemic infection: HR 2.19), and polysubstance use (SSTI: HR 1.92; systemic infection: HR 2.01). In relation to injection use of amphetamine and polysubstance use, PWID mainly using heroin had higher risk of SSTI.
conclusionsInjection drug use predicted both SSTI and systemic bacterial infection, with a particularly high risk of SSTI in PWID mainly using heroin. The results imply the need for increased attention to bacterial infections among PWID, in terms of clinical management, prevention and research.
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