ArticleTropical medicine & international health : TM & IH2018
Tuberculosis patients not covered by treatment in public health services: findings from India's National Family Health Survey 2015-16.
Article in Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Barriers to engagement in the care cascade for tuberculosis disease in India: A systematic review of quantitative studies.PLoS medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Article
- Sex-disaggregated patterns in tuberculosis treatment coverage and outcomes among a nationally representative sample of deaths in India: 2019-2022.The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia · 2024Article
- Individual journeys to tuberculosis care in Nigeria's private sector during the COVID-19 pandemic.BMJ global health · 2024Article
- The Prevalence of Self-Reported Tuberculosis in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India: Evidence from the NFHS-IV and V.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2023Article
- How much do Indians pay for tuberculosis treatment? A cost analysis.Public health action · 2020Article
- Closing gaps in the tuberculosis care cascade: an action-oriented research agenda.Journal of clinical tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases · 2020Review
- Self-reported tuberculosis in India: evidence from NFHS-4.BMJ global health · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveHalf of the TB patients in India seek care from private providers resulting in incomplete notification, varied quality of care and out-of-pocket expenditure. The objective of this study was to describe the characteristics of TB patients who remain outside the coverage of treatment in public health services.
methodsCross-sectional data from National Family Health Survey-4 (2015-16) were analysed using logistic regression analysis. TB treatment was the dependent variable. Sociodemographic factors and place where households generally seek treatment were independent variables.
resultsPrevalence of self-reported TB was 308.17/100 000 population (95% CI: 309.44-310.55/100 000 population) and 38.8% (95% CI: 36.5-41.1%) of TB patients were outside care of public health services - 3.3% did not seek treatment and 35.3% accessed treatment from private sector. Factors associated with not seeking treatment were age <10 years [OR = 3.43; 95% CI (1.52-7.77); P = 0.00]; no/preschool education [OR = 1.82; 95% CI (1.10-3.34); P = 0.02]; poorest wealth index [OR = 1.86; 95% CI (1.01-3.34); P = 0.04] and household's general rejection of the public sector when seeking health care [OR = 1.69; 95% CI (1.69-2.26); P = 0.00]. Factors associated with seeking treatment from private providers were female sex [OR = 1.29; 95% CI (1.11-1.50); P = 0.001], younger age of the patient [OR = 2.39; 95% CI (1.62-3.53); P = 0.00], higher education [OR = 1.82; 95% CI (1.11-2.98); P = 0.02] and household's general rejection of the public sector when seeking health care [OR = 4.56; 95% CI (3.95-5.27); P = 0.00]. Patients from households reporting 'poor quality of care' as the reason for not generally preferring public health services were more likely (OR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.19-1.65; P = 00) to access private treatment.
conclusionThe study provides insights for efforts to involve the private health sector for accurate surveillance and patient groups requiring targeted interventions for linking them to the national programme.
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