ReviewInternational journal of nephrology2018
Phosphate and Cardiovascular Disease beyond Chronic Kidney Disease and Vascular Calcification.
Review in International journal of nephrology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Isolation of Primary Human Saphenous Vein Endothelial Cells, Human Internal Thoracic Artery Endothelial Cells, and Human Adipose Tissue-Derived Microvascular Endothelial Cells from Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Review
- Serum Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 Levels are Associated with Vascular Smooth Muscle Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetes.Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis · 2023Article
- The Impact of Medical Nutrition Intervention on the Management of Hyperphosphatemia in Hemodialysis Patients with Stage 5 Chronic Kidney Disease: A Case Series.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Obesity, Diabetes Mellitus, and Vascular Impediment as Consequences of Excess Processed Food Consumption.Cureus · 2022Review
- Higher Ultra-Processed Food Consumption Is Associated with Increased Risk of Incident Coronary Artery Disease in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study.The Journal of nutrition · 2021Article
- Association between phosphate and long-term outcome in CAD patients underwent coronary intervention.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Article
- Article
- Accelerated Atherosclerosis in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Role of Fibroblast Growth Factor 23- Phosphate Axis.International journal of nephrology and renovascular disease · 2021Article
- DAXX mediates high phosphate-induced endothelial cell apoptosis in vitro through activating ERK signaling.PeerJ · 2020Article
- Phosphate, the forgotten mineral in hypertension.Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Phosphate is essential for life but its accumulation can be detrimental. In end-stage renal disease, widespread vascular calcification occurs as a result of chronic phosphate load. The accumulation of phosphate is likely to occur long before the rise in serum phosphate above the normal range since several observational studies in both general population and early-stage CKD patients have identified the relationship between high-normal serum phosphate and adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Consumption of food high in phosphate increases both fasting and postprandial serum phosphate and habitual intake of high phosphate diet is associated with aging, cardiac hypertrophy, endothelial dysfunction, and subclinical atherosclerosis. The decline in renal function and dietary phosphate load can increase circulating fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23) which may have a direct impact on cardiomyocytes. Increased FGF-23 levels in both CKD and general populations are associated with left ventricular hypertrophy, congestive heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and mortality. Increased extracellular phosphate directly affects endothelial cells causing cell apoptosis and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) causing transformation to osteogenic phenotype. Excess of calcium and phosphate in the circulation can promote the formation of protein-mineral complex called calciprotein particles (CPPs). In CKD, these CPPs contain less calcification inhibitors, induce inflammation, and promote VSMC calcification.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
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