ReviewNeural plasticity2018
The Extracellular Environment of the CNS: Influence on Plasticity, Sprouting, and Axonal Regeneration after Spinal Cord Injury.
Review in Neural plasticity, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 131 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neuron-intrinsic and glial pathways regulate sensory cilia regeneration in adultbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Overcoming Barriers to Axonal Regeneration in Spinal Cord Injury: Mechanistic Insights and Therapeutic Frontiers.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Review
- Oligodendrocyte Piezo2 is a regulator of age-dependent myelin integrity and dysregulated in multiple sclerosis.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Breaking the cycle of excitotoxicity: blood glutamate scavenging provides robust neuroprotection in spinal cord injury.Inflammation and regeneration · 2026Article
- KHSRP-mediated decay of axonally localized prenyl-Cdc42 mRNA slows nerve regeneration.PLoS genetics · 2025Article
- A Review of the Potential Use of Antioxidants in Spinal Cord Injuries.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Lentiviral Injection of Inter-α-Trypsin Inhibitor Heavy Chain 4 Promotes Female Spinal Cord Injury Mice Recuperation by Diminishing Peripheral and Central Inflammation.Inflammation · 2025Article
- Enhancing Functional Recovery After Spinal Cord Injury Through Neuroplasticity: A Comprehensive Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Structure-Inspired Lineage-Specific Matrix for Endogenous Neurogenesis in Spinal Cord Injury.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Article
- Injured inflammatory environment overrides the TET2 shaped epigenetic landscape of pluripotent stem cell derived human neural stem cells.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Article
- Mitophagy and cGAS-STING crosstalk in neuroinflammation.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2024Review
- Review
- Sacral Bioneuromodulation: The Role of Bone Marrow Aspirate in Spinal Cord Injuries.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Biomaterials targeting the microenvironment for spinal cord injury repair: progression and perspectives.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2024Review
- Electrical stimulation affects the differentiation of transplanted regionally specific human spinal neural progenitor cells (sNPCs) after chronic spinal cord injury.Stem cell research & therapy · 2023Article
- Screening Plasma Proteins for the Putative Drug Targets for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2023Article
- Covalent Fragment Inhibits RhoA Activation by Guanine Exchange Factors.ACS chemical neuroscience · 2023Article
- Injectable hydrogels in central nervous system: Unique and novel platforms for promoting extracellular matrix remodeling and tissue engineering.Materials today. Bio · 2023Review
- Nerve ECM and PLA-PCL based electrospun bilayer nerve conduit for nerve regeneration.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The extracellular environment of the central nervous system (CNS) becomes highly structured and organized as the nervous system matures. The extracellular space of the CNS along with its subdomains plays a crucial role in the function and stability of the CNS. In this review, we have focused on two components of the neuronal extracellular environment, which are important in regulating CNS plasticity including the extracellular matrix (ECM) and myelin. The ECM consists of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) and tenascins, which are organized into unique structures called perineuronal nets (PNNs). PNNs associate with the neuronal cell body and proximal dendrites of predominantly parvalbumin-positive interneurons, forming a robust lattice-like structure. These developmentally regulated structures are maintained in the adult CNS and enhance synaptic stability. After injury, however, CSPGs and tenascins contribute to the structure of the inhibitory glial scar, which actively prevents axonal regeneration. Myelin sheaths and mature adult oligodendrocytes, despite their important role in signal conduction in mature CNS axons, contribute to the inhibitory environment existing after injury. As such, unlike the peripheral nervous system, the CNS is unable to revert to a "developmental state" to aid neuronal repair. Modulation of these external factors, however, has been shown to promote growth, regeneration, and functional plasticity after injury. This review will highlight some of the factors that contribute to or prevent plasticity, sprouting, and axonal regeneration after spinal cord injury.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.