ArticleHead and neck pathology2019
Poorly Differentiated Clusters Predict a Poor Prognosis for External Auditory Canal Carcinoma.
Article in Head and neck pathology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Temporal Bone Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Molecular Markers Involved in Carcinogenesis, Behavior, and Prognosis: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Pooled it
- Prognostic significance and clinicopathological association of tumor budding and poorly differentiated clusters in cutaneous malignant melanoma.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2026Article
- Evaluation of Tumor Budding and Poorly Defined Clusters as Histological Biomarkers in Squamous Cell Carcinomas of the Vulva.Cancers · 2025Article
- Optimizing Prognostic Assessment in High-Risk Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas: The Impact of Tumor Budding and a Novel Histomorphological Scoring System.Cancer medicine · 2025Article
- Grades of Poorly Differentiated Clusters are Associated with Lymph Node and the Tumour, Node and Metastasis Stages in Colorectal Carcinoma.The Malaysian journal of medical sciences : MJMS · 2023Article
- Biological and genetic characterization of a newly established human external auditory canal carcinoma cell line, SCEACono2.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Impact of Positive-Margin Resection of External Auditory Canal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Cancers · 2023Article
- Villin is a biomarker for reverse polarity in colorectal micropapillary carcinoma.Oncology letters · 2021Article
- Genetic landscape of external auditory canal squamous cell carcinoma.Cancer science · 2020Observational
- Highly expressed tumoral emmprin and stromal CD73 predict a poor prognosis for external auditory canal carcinoma.Cancer science · 2020Article
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9 authors.
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Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the external auditory canal (EAC) is rare and offers a poor prognosis; more accurate prognostic biomarkers are required. Our laboratory recently demonstrated that tumor budding, characterized by tumor cell clusters (< 5 cells), and laminin 5-γ2 staining of SCC of the EAC are associated with shorter survival. However, clusters composed of ≥ 5 tumor cells are also found in the stroma. Previous reports of colorectal cancer suggest that poorly differentiated clusters (PDCs) are a negative prognostic indicator. Here, we report on the association between PDCs and prognosis in SCC of the EAC. PDCs and tumor budding were histopathologically and immunohistochemically (cytokeratin AE1/AE3) analyzed in 31 cases of pre-treatment biopsy SCC of the EAC. Clusters in the stroma composed of < or ≥ 5 cancer cells were defined as tumor budding or PDCs, respectively. Entire tumors were initially scanned to identify greatest PDC density. Tumors with low or high PDC density were classified as low- and high-grade, respectively. Patients with high-grade PDCs had a significantly poorer outcome than those with low-grade. Even in cases of low-grade tumor budding, those with high-grade PDCs had a poor prognosis. Multivariate analysis results indicated that high-grade PDCs were associated with poor prognosis. PDC grade can provide a more accurate prognosis than tumor budding in SCC of the EAC.
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