ArticlePublic health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974)
Evaluation of a Healthy Chinese Take-Out Sodium-Reduction Initiative in Philadelphia Low-Income Communities and Neighborhoods.
Article in Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974). The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Healthy eating interventions conducted in small, local restaurants and hot food takeaways: a systematic review.Public health nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Offline to online: a systematic mapping review of evidence to inform nutrition-related policies applicable to online food delivery platforms.BMC medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Systematic Review on International Salt Reduction Policy in Restaurants.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Pooled it
- Trial
- Comparison of participant and non-participant perceptions on healthy restaurant for sodium reduction: a qualitative study.Nutrition research and practice · 2023Article
- Article
- Facilitating Healthier Eating at Restaurants: A Multidisciplinary Scoping Review Comparing Strategies, Barriers, Motivators, and Outcomes by Restaurant Type and Initiator.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Sodium, calorie, and sugary drink purchasing patterns in chain restaurants: Findings from NYC.Preventive medicine reports · 2020Article
- From Salt to Stroke-Evaluation of a Media Campaign for Sodium Reduction in Philadelphia.Frontiers in public health · 2020Article
- Health behavior practice among understudied Chinese and Filipino Americans with cardiometabolic diseases.Preventive medicine reports · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesSodium reduction in restaurant foods is important because 77% of sodium in the United States is consumed by eating prepared and restaurant foods. We evaluated a sodium-reduction intervention, Healthy Chinese Take-Out Initiative, among Chinese take-out restaurants in low-income neighborhoods in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Our objectives were to (1) analyze changes in the sodium content of food samples and (2) collect data on changes in chefs' and owners' knowledge about the health risks of sodium overconsumption, perceptions of the need for sodium reduction, self-efficacy for lowering sodium use, and perceptions of training needs for sodium-reduction strategies.
methodsThe initiative trained chefs from 206 Chinese take-out restaurants on strategies to reduce sodium in prepared dishes. We analyzed changes in the sodium content of the 3 most frequently ordered dishes-shrimp and broccoli, chicken lo mein, and General Tso's chicken-from baseline (July-September 2012) to 36 months after baseline (July-September 2015) among 40 restaurants. We conducted a survey to examine the changes in chefs' and owners' knowledge, perceptions, and self-efficacy of sodium reduction. We used multilevel analysis and repeated-measures analysis of variance to examine effects of the intervention on various outcomes.
resultsWe found significant reductions in the sodium content of all 3 dishes 36 months after a low-sodium cooking training intervention (coefficients range, -1.06 to -1.69, P < .001 for all). Mean knowledge (range, 9.2-11.1), perceptions (range, 4.6-6.0), and self-efficacy (range, 4.2-5.9) ( P < .001 for all) of sodium reduction improved significantly from baseline (August 2012) to posttraining (also August 2012), but perceptions of the need for sodium reduction and self-efficacy for lowering sodium use returned to baseline levels 36 months later (August 2015).
conclusionsThe intervention was a useful population health approach that led to engaging restaurants in sodium-reduction practices. Local public health agencies and professionals could partner with independent restaurants to introduce environmental changes that can affect population health on a broad scale, particularly for vulnerable populations.
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