ArticleMicrobiologyOpen2019
Short-term direct contact with soil and plant materials leads to an immediate increase in diversity of skin microbiota.
Article in MicrobiologyOpen, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed.
- Skin exposure to soil microbiota elicits changes in cell-mediated immunity to pneumococcal vaccine.Scientific reports · 2024Trial
- Indoor green wall affects health-associated commensal skin microbiota and enhances immune regulation: a randomized trial among urban office workers.Scientific reports · 2022Trial
- Biodiversity intervention enhances immune regulation and health-associated commensal microbiota among daycare children.Science advances · 2020Trial
- Feasibility of collection and analysis of microbiome data in a longitudinal randomized trial of community gardening.Future microbiology · 2020Trial
- Longitudinal analysis of the hand microbiome in response to chlorine-based antiseptic use during a military field exercise.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Neighborhood deadwood and yard rewilding modulate commensal microbiomes and inflammatory signals among urbanites.Microbiome · 2026Article
- Playgrounds as microbial interfaces: strategies to enhance soil microbiomes and support healthy childhoods.mSystems · 2026Review
- Microbes first into the life rafts: preserving microbiomes to secure health in degrading ecosystems.Sustainable microbiology · 2026Article
- EAACI Guidelines on the Importance of Green Space in Urban Environments for Allergy and Asthma Prevention.Allergy · 2026Review
- Sustainable rewilding of urban spaces increases microbial diversity.Sustainable microbiology · 2026Article
- Associations between the infant gut microbiota and the living environment.Gut microbes reports · 2026Article
- Impact of shared spaces and daily routines on shared microbiome.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Yanomami skin microbiome complexity challenges prevailing concepts of healthy skin.Nature communications · 2025Article
- How the Built Environment Shapes Children's Microbiome: A Systematic Review.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- A systematic scoping review reveals that geographic and taxonomic patterns influence the scientific and societal interest in urban soil microbial diversity.Environmental microbiome · 2025Review
- The microbiome and the eye: a new era in ophthalmology.Eye (London, England) · 2025Review
- Green space quantity and exposure in relation to the risk of immune-mediated diseases: a scoping review.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Effects of urban green space habitats and tree species on ectomycorrhizal fungal diversity.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Urban sports fields support higher levels of soil butyrate and butyrate-producing bacteria than urban nature parks.Ecology and evolution · 2024Article
- Long-distance movement dynamics shape host microbiome richness and turnover.FEMS microbiology ecology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Immune-mediated diseases have increased during the last decades in urban environments. The hygiene hypothesis suggests that increased hygiene level and reduced contacts with natural biodiversity are related to the increase in immune-mediated diseases. We tested whether short-time contact with microbiologically diverse nature-based materials immediately change bacterial diversity on human skin. We tested direct skin contact, as two volunteers rubbed their hands with sixteen soil and plant based materials, and an exposure via fabric packets filled with moss material. Skin swabs were taken before and after both exposures. Next-generation sequencing showed that exposures increased, at least temporarily, the total diversity of skin microbiota and the diversity of Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria and Alpha-, Beta- and Gammaproteobacteria suggesting that contact with nature-based materials modify skin microbiome and increase skin microbial diversity. Until now, approaches to cure or prevent immune system disorders using microbe-based treatments have been limited to use of a few microbial species. We propose that nature-based materials with high natural diversity, such as the materials tested here, might be more effective in modifying human skin microbiome, and eventually, in reducing immune system disorders. Future studies should investigate how long-term changes in skin microbiota are achieved and if the exposure induces beneficial changes in the immune system markers.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.