ArticleWorld journal of urology2018
CATCH-22: a manual bladder washout protocol to improve care for clot retention.
Article in World journal of urology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Innovative Dual Catheter Irrigation Technique for Clot Retention in a Hospice Setting: A Case Report.Clinical case reports · 2025Article
- [Urinary bladder tamponade-an urological emergency].Urologie (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Intravesical Agents in the Treatment of Bladder Clots in Children.Pediatric reports · 2023Review
- Evaluation of urinary catheters for effective manual bladder washout.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- A simple and effective method for bladder blood clot evacuation using hydrogen peroxide.The Journal of international medical research · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo review current practices in manual bladder washouts (MBW) for haematuria with clot retention, comparing those conducted by a urology unit to other inpatient services. Secondly, to describe a standardised protocol for MBWs.
methodsProspective data were collected for patients treated for clot retention, from initial management by referral units through to implementation of a standardised MBW by the urology service. Outcomes measured included re-catheterisation, MBW volumes, clot evacuated and time to discharge or subsequent intervention.
resultsInitial catheters inserted by referral teams were sized 16 Fr-20 Fr, all except one requiring upsizing. Mean washout volumes of 145 ml (SD 125) and 5392 ml (SD 847) were used by referring units and the urology service, respectively. Mean volume of clot evacuated by the standardised MBW was 617 ml (SD 313). Continuous bladder irrigation (CBI) was commenced in 16 patients (66%) prior to referral to urology. Median time to discharge was 48 h.
conclusionInitial catheter insertion is of inadequate size, as is the volume of washout performed. Referring services fail to clear adequate amounts of clot with washouts posing potential risks to patients. The standard management of clot retention should involve the use of at least a 22 F catheter, implement best practice infection control and adopt the last Clot + 1L rule with catheter manipulation. The key points of our recommended MBW are summarised with the acronym CATCH-22. This protocol can guide initial management of clot retention and be used as an educational tool.
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Registered trials
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