ArticleCurrent biology : CB2018
Sleep Spindle Refractoriness Segregates Periods of Memory Reactivation.
Article in Current biology : CB, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 112 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
112 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A Systematic Review of Closed-Loop Feedback Techniques in Sleep Studies-Related Issues and Future Directions.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Pooled it
- Promoting memory consolidation during sleep: A meta-analysis of targeted memory reactivation.Psychological bulletin · 2020Pooled it
- Efficacy and mechanisms of repeated closed-loop auditory exposure during slow-wave sleep for internet gaming disorder.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Trial
- A sleep schedule incorporating naps benefits the transformation of hierarchical knowledge.Sleep · 2022Trial
- The effect of zolpidem on targeted memory reactivation during sleep.Learning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.) · 2021Trial
- Trial
- Trained-feature-specific offline learning by sleep in an orientation detection task.Journal of vision · 2019Trial
- Trial
- Sleep EEG oscillations and synaptic plasticity in memory consolidation across NREM and REM sleep.Dialogues in clinical neuroscience · 2027Review
- Article
- Odor-Cued Targeted Reactivation Was Unable to Selectively Benefit Declarative Memories During Sleep.Journal of sleep research · 2026Article
- Concurrent Presentation of Memory-Related Odours and Sounds Nullified Sleep Reactivation Benefits.Journal of sleep research · 2026Article
- Histamine regulation in shaping spindle refractoriness: a computational modeling study.Journal of computational neuroscience · 2026Article
- Sleep alters neurovascular and hydrodynamic coupling in the human brain.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Temporal sleep spindle clustering and slow-oscillation coupling in motor memory consolidation and generalization.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Promoting vocabulary learning during sleep at home using closed-loop targeted memory reactivation.Journal of sleep research · 2025Article
- Manipulating memory processing during sleep to explore the critical duration of reactivation events.Neuropsychologia · 2025Article
- Systems memory consolidation during sleep: oscillations, neuromodulators, and synaptic remodeling.BMB reports · 2025Review
- REM sleep prefrontal ripple chains mediate distinct cortical-hippocampal reactivation patterns compared to NREM ripples.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- An afternoon nap facilitates analogical transfer in creative problem solving.Journal of sleep research · 2025Article
52 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The stability of long-term memories is enhanced by reactivation during sleep. Correlative evidence has linked memory reactivation with thalamocortical sleep spindles, although their functional role is not fully understood. Our initial study replicated this correlation and also demonstrated a novel rhythmicity to spindles, such that a spindle is more likely to occur approximately 3-6 s following a prior spindle. We leveraged this rhythmicity to test the role of spindles in memory by using real-time spindle tracking to present cues within versus just after the presumptive refractory period; as predicted, cues presented just after the refractory period led to better memory. Our findings demonstrate a precise temporal link between sleep spindles and memory reactivation. Moreover, they reveal a previously undescribed neural mechanism whereby spindles may segment sleep into two distinct substates: prime opportunities for reactivation and gaps that segregate reactivation events.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.