ArticleNeuropathology and applied neurobiology2019
Pro-inflammatory activation of microglia in the brain of patients with sepsis.
Article in Neuropathology and applied neurobiology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 75 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
75 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 105 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Key Drivers of Brain Injury by Systemic Inflammatory Responses after Sepsis: Microglia and Neuroinflammation.Molecular neurobiology · 2023Pooled it
- Activated microglial phenotypes in the hippocampal CA2 subfield are implicated in Lewy body disease progression.Acta neuropathologica · 2026Article
- Current knowledge and challenges of sepsis-associated encephalopathy.Intensive care medicine · 2026Review
- Cracking the Code: Computational Image Analysis Tools for Histopathological and Morphometric Insights.Journal of imaging · 2026Review
- Hypothalamic arcuate microglia in sepsis: AgRP circuit engagement and ARHGAP24-dependent remodeling.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Neuroimmune Mechanisms Transforming Acute Injury to Long-Term Brain Dysfunction After Sepsis.Clinics in chest medicine · 2026Review
- Microglial reactivity in the hippocampal CA2 is associated with advanced neuronal α-synucleinopathy.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Hyperbaric oxygen therapy in sepsis-associated encephalopathy: pathophysiological rationale, preclinical evidence, and translational challenges.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2026Review
- Human iPSC-Derived Mononuclear Phagocytes Improve Cognition and Neural Health across Multiple Mouse Models of Aging and Alzheimer's Disease.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- The Crosstalk Between Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy and Alzheimer's Disease: Identifying Potential Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets for Cognition.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Emerging roles for innate and adaptive immunity in tauopathies.Cell reports · 2025Review
- Shared Mechanisms in Dementia and Depression: The Modulatory Role of Physical Exercise.Journal of neurochemistry · 2025Review
- Ginsenoside Rh2 Alleviate Sepsis-related Encephalopathy via Up-regulating Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway and Apoptosis Inhibition.Cell biochemistry and biophysics · 2025Article
- Association between cardiometabolic diseases and the risk and progression of motor neuron diseases in Sweden: a population-based case-control study.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2025Article
- Anesthesia-induced developmental neurotoxicity in the setting of systemic inflammation: the role of microglia.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2025Article
- Single-nucleus transcriptomics reveals sepsis-related neurovascular dysfunction in the human hippocampus.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Maresin-1 Ameliorates Sepsis-Induced Microglial Activation Through Modulation of the P38 MAPK Pathway.Neurochemical research · 2024Article
- Caspase-11 signaling promotes damage to hippocampal CA3 to enhance cognitive dysfunction in infection.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2024Article
- Blood-brain barrier disruption: a culprit of cognitive decline?Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2024Review
- Targeted rescue of synaptic plasticity improves cognitive decline in sepsis-associated encephalopathy.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2024Article
15 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
aimsExperimental data suggest that systemic immune activation may create a pro-inflammatory environment with microglia activation in the central nervous system in the absence of overt inflammation, which in turn may be deleterious in conditions of neurodegenerative disease. The extent to which this is relevant for the human brain is unknown. The central aim of this study is to provide an in-depth characterization of the microglia and macrophage response to systemic inflammation.
methodsWe used recently described markers to characterize the origin and functional states of microglia/macrophages in white and grey matter in patients who died under septic conditions and compared it to those patients without systemic inflammation.
resultsWe found pro-inflammatory microglia activation in septic patients in the white matter, with very little activation in the grey matter. Using a specific marker for resident microglia (TMEM119), we found that parenchyma microglia were activated and that there was additional recruitment of perivascular macrophages. Pro-inflammatory microglia activation occurred in the presence of homeostatic microglia cells. In contrast to inflammatory or ischaemic diseases of the brain, the anti-inflammatory microglia markers CD163 or CD206 were not expressed in acute sepsis. Furthermore, we found pronounced upregulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase not only in microglia, but also in astrocytes and endothelial cells.
conclusionOur results demonstrate the pronounced effects of systemic inflammation on the human brain and have important implications for the selection of control populations for studies on microglia activation in human brain disease.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.