SynthesisBMJ open2018
Evaluation of person-level heterogeneity of treatment effects in published multiperson N-of-1 studies: systematic review and reanalysis.
Synthesis in BMJ open, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- A Series of Personalized Melatonin Supplement Interventions for Poor Sleep: Feasibility Randomized Crossover Trial for Personalized N-of-1 Treatment.JMIR formative research · 2025Trial
- How amenable is type 2 diabetes treatment for precision diabetology? A meta-regression of glycaemic control data from 174 randomised trials.Diabetologia · 2023Trial
- Balancing ethical norms and duties for the introduction of new medicines through conditional marketing authorization: a research agenda.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
- A Series of Remote Melatonin Supplement Interventions for Poor Sleep: Protocol for a Feasibility Pilot Study for a Series of Personalized (N-of-1) Trials.JMIR research protocols · 2023Article
- Article
- Status of N-of-1 Trials in Chronic Pain Management: A Narrative Review.Pain and therapy · 2021Review
- Heterogeneous treatment effect analysis based on machine-learning methodology.CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · 2021Article
- Individualized therapy trials: navigating patient care, research goals and ethics.Nature medicine · 2021Review
- Introducing national osteopathy practice-based research networks in Australia and New Zealand: an overview to inform future osteopathic research.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- The Predictive Approaches to Treatment effect Heterogeneity (PATH) Statement: Explanation and Elaboration.Annals of internal medicine · 2020Article
- What is Evidence-Based Functional Medicine in the 21st Century?Integrative medicine (Encinitas, Calif.) · 2019Article
- Personalized evidence based medicine: predictive approaches to heterogeneous treatment effects.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveIndividual patients with the same condition may respond differently to similar treatments. Our aim is to summarise the reporting of person-level heterogeneity of treatment effects (HTE) in multiperson N-of-1 studies and to examine the evidence for person-level HTE through reanalysis. STUDY
designSystematic review and reanalysis of multiperson N-of-1 studies. DATA SOURCES: Medline, Cochrane Controlled Trials, EMBASE, Web of Science and review of references through August 2017 for N-of-1 studies published in English. STUDY SELECTION: N-of-1 studies of pharmacological interventions with at least two subjects. DATA SYNTHESIS: Citation screening and data extractions were performed in duplicate. We performed statistical reanalysis testing for person-level HTE on all studies presenting person-level data.
resultsWe identified 62 multiperson N-of-1 studies with at least two subjects. Statistical tests examining HTE were described in only 13 (21%), of which only two (3%) tested person-level HTE. Only 25 studies (40%) provided person-level data sufficient to reanalyse person-level HTE. Reanalysis using a fixed effect linear model identified statistically significant person-level HTE in 8 of the 13 studies (62%) reporting person-level treatment effects and in 8 of the 14 studies (57%) reporting person-level outcomes.
conclusionsOur analysis suggests that person-level HTE is common and often substantial. Reviewed studies had incomplete information on person-level treatment effects and their variation. Improved assessment and reporting of person-level treatment effects in multiperson N-of-1 studies are needed.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.