SynthesisBMC pediatrics2018
A national estimate of the birth prevalence of congenital anomalies in India: systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in BMC pediatrics, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Position Statement of the Indian Academy of Medical Genetics on Cytogenetic and Molecular Cytogenetic Testing.Indian journal of pediatrics · 2026Guideline
- Cabergoline Use and Pregnancy Outcomes: A Systematic Review.Birth defects research · 2025Pooled it
- Birth prevalence and determinants of neural tube defects among newborns in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2025Pooled it
- Perinatal prevalence of birth defects in the Mainland of China, 2000-2021: a systematic review and meta-analysis.World journal of pediatrics : WJP · 2024Pooled it
- A Mechanistic Review of Environmental Stressor to Decode Their Effect on Congenital Malformations: A Developmental Toxicity.Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology · 2026Review
- Prevalence and Pattern of Congenital Anomalies Among Deliveries and Pregnancy Terminations at a Tertiary Care Center.Cureus · 2026Article
- Intracytoplasmic spermatid injection in non-obstructive azoospermia: a review of current evidence and future directions.Asian journal of andrology · 2026Review
- Care pathways for pediatric surgical conditions.World journal of pediatric surgery · 2026Article
- A fetal autopsy study on congenital malformations among stillbirths in a tertiary care hospital.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- A comprehensive survey of congenital malformations in three governorates of Southern Iraq (Basrah, Misan, and Thi Qar), 2020-2023.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Obstetric Ultrasound Screening in Lebanon for Fetal Diagnosis and Associated Factors of Congenital Abnormalities.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Global, regional, and national burden of congenital musculoskeletal and limb anomalies, 1990-2021: a systematic analysis of the global burden of disease in 2021.Tropical medicine and health · 2025Article
- Trends in socioeconomic inequality in mortality during childhood between 1993 and 2021 in India.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- Spectrum of congenital anomalies detected through anatomy ultrasound at a referral hospital in Ghana.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Neural Tube Defects in Fetus Exposed to Valproate.Maternal-fetal medicine (Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.) · 2025Article
- Birth defects reporting and surveillance in India: a narrative review.Journal of community genetics · 2025Review
- Comparative assessment of nutritional status in unoperated children with Congenital Heart Defects: Insights from a tertiary pediatric cardiac center in India.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Prevalence and death rate of birth defects from population-based surveillance in Hunan Province, China, 2010-2020.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Early-Neonatal, Late-Neonatal, Postneonatal, and Child Mortality Rates Across India, 1993-2021.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- 2024 Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics: A Report of US and Global Data From the American Heart Association.Circulation · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundA quarter of all global neonatal deaths occur in India. Congenital anomalies constitute the fifth largest cause of neonatal mortality in the country, but national estimates of the prevalence of these conditions are lacking. The objective of the study was to derive an estimate of the birth prevalence of congenital anomalies in India.
methodsThe search was carried out in PubMed and pooled prevalence was estimated using the inverse variance method. A random effects model was used due to high heterogeneity between the studies. Forest plots were generated using the Review Manager software.
resultsThe PubMed search identified 878 articles from which 52 hospital based and three community based studies were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of congenital anomaly affected births was 184.48 per 10,000 births (95% CI 164.74-204.21) among 802,658 births. Anomalies of the musculoskeletal system were highest among live births while the prevalence of central nervous system defects was highest when stillbirths were included in the analysis. Anencephaly and talipes were the most commonly reported anomalies.
conclusionsData from this meta-analysis suggests that there may be as many as 472,177 (421,652 to 522,676) congenital anomaly affected births in India each year. Population based studies using standard definitions are needed to validate these estimates. The two most frequently reported anomalies were anencephaly that is potentially preventable through preconception folate supplementation, and talipes which can be corrected using relatively low cost interventions. Studies are needed to determine the impact of congenital anomalies on neonatal mortality in India.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.