ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2018
Influenza Viral Shedding in a Prospective Cohort of HIV-Infected and Uninfected Children and Adults in 2 Provinces of South Africa, 2012-2014.
Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- The epidemiology of seasonal influenza after the 2009 influenza pandemic in Africa: a systematic review.African health sciences · 2020Pooled it
- Viral variant but not host factors associate with SARS-CoV-2 viral kinetics.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- HIV infection complicated with talaromyces marneffei, tuberculosis, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a complex case report.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- The added value of serologic testing: A comparison of influenza incidence among pregnant persons based on molecular-based surveillance versus serologic testing.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2024Article
- Review of the unmet medical need for vaccination in adults with immunocompromising conditions: An Indian perspective.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2023Review
- COVID-19 Outcomes and Risk Factors Among People Living with HIV.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2022Review
- Prolonged Shedding of Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) at High Viral Loads Among Hospitalized Immunocompromised Persons Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), South Africa.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2022Article
- Clinical impact of nosocomial infection with pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 in a respiratory ward in Guangzhou.Journal of thoracic disease · 2021Article
- COVID-19 in immunocompromised populations: implications for prognosis and repurposing of immunotherapies.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2021Review
- Asymptomatic transmission and high community burden of seasonal influenza in an urban and a rural community in South Africa, 2017-18 (PHIRST): a population cohort study.The Lancet. Global health · 2021Article
- High burden of viral respiratory co-infections in a cohort of children with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis.BMC infectious diseases · 2020Observational
- Prospects for SARS-CoV-2 diagnostics, therapeutics and vaccines in Africa.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2020Review
- Navigating COVID-19 in the developing world.Clinical rheumatology · 2020Article
- More targeted use of oseltamivir and in-hospital isolation facilities after implementation of a multifaceted strategy including a rapid molecular diagnostic panel for respiratory viruses in immunocompromised adult patients.Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology · 2019Article
- Household Transmission of Seasonal Influenza From HIV-Infected and HIV-Uninfected Individuals in South Africa, 2013-2014.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Background: Prolonged shedding of influenza viruses may be associated with increased transmissibility and resistance mutation acquisition due to therapy. We compared duration and magnitude of influenza shedding between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected and -uninfected individuals. Methods: A prospective cohort study during 3 influenza seasons enrolled patients with influenza-like illness and a positive influenza rapid test. Influenza viruses were detected by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Weibull accelerated failure time regression models were used to describe influenza virus shedding. Mann-Whitney U tests explored initial influenza viral loads (VL). Results: Influenza virus shedding duration was similar in 65 HIV-infected (6 days; interquartile range [IQR] 3-10) and 176 HIV-uninfected individuals (7 days; IQR 4-11; P = .97), as was initial influenza VL (HIV-uninfected 5.28 ± 1.33 log10 copies/mL, HIV-infected 4.73 ± 1.68 log10 copies/mL; P = .08). Adjusted for age, HIV-infected individuals with low CD4 counts shed influenza virus for longer than those with higher counts (adjusted hazard ratio 3.55; 95% confidence interval, 1.05-12.08). Discussion: A longer duration of influenza virus shedding in HIV-infected individuals with low CD4 counts may suggest a possible increased risk for transmission or viral evolution in severely immunocompromised individuals. HIV-infected individuals should be prioritized for annual influenza immunization.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.