ArticleContact dermatitis2018
A retrospective study on titanium sensitivity: Patch test materials and manifestations.
Article in Contact dermatitis, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Diagnostic tests for titanium hypersensitivity in implant dentistry: a systematic review of the literature.International journal of implant dentistry · 2022Pooled it
- Non-heat inactivated autologous serum increases accuracy of in vitro CFSE lymphocyte proliferation test (LPT) for nickel.Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2020Trial
- Allergic Reaction to Titanium Alloy Osteosynthesis Implants: A Case Report of Three Patients.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Titanium: An Unusual Allergen With Various Presentations-A Retrospective Cohort Study.Contact dermatitis · 2025Article
- Wound Healing Splinting Devices for Faster Access and Use.JID innovations : skin science from molecules to population health · 2025Article
- Are Allergy-Induced Implant Failures Actually Hypersensitivity Reactions to Titanium? A Literature Review.Dentistry journal · 2023Review
- Patch test-relevant concentrations of metal salts cause localized cytotoxicity, including apoptosis, in skin ex vivo.Contact dermatitis · 2021Article
- Prevalence of Titanium Hypersensitivity in Patients with Titanium Implants: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences · 2021Article
- Titanium Allergy Caused by Dental Implants: A Systematic Literature Review and Case Report.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Assessment of cytotoxicity and sensitization potential of intradermally injected tattoo inks in reconstructed human skin.Contact dermatitis · 2021Article
- Allergies to Titanium Dental Implants: What Do We Really Know about Them? A Scoping Review.Biology · 2020Article
- Titanium salts tested in reconstructed human skin with integrated MUTZ-3-derived Langerhans cells show an irritant rather than a sensitizing potential.Contact dermatitis · 2020Article
- Differential influence of Streptococcus mitis on host response to metals in reconstructed human skin and oral mucosa.Contact dermatitis · 2020Article
- Contact Allergy-Emerging Allergens and Public Health Impact.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Review
- Total Temporomandibular Joint Replacement: Stick to Stock or Optimization by Customization?Craniomaxillofacial trauma & reconstruction · 2020Review
- A retrospective study on titanium sensitivity: Patch test materials and manifestations.Contact dermatitis · 2018Article
- Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor Gamma Serum Levels and Gene Polymorphism in Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia: A Case-Control Study.International journal of trichologyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundTitanium is being increasingly used. Although it is considered to be a non-allergenic material, allergic reactions to it have been reported. Titanium dioxide has been found to be an unreliable patch test material. Few studies to date have profiled titanium allergy, and it therefore remains difficult to distinguish its manifestations.
objectivesTo evaluate alternatives for titanium dioxide as a patch test preparation, and to profile titanium reactions and manifestations.
methodsA retrospective chart review was conducted with 458 patients who underwent patch testing with at least 1 of 5 different titanium salts.
resultsAt least 1 positive result was noted in 5.7% of the patients. The frequency of positive results for the tested salts ranged from 0.9% to 7.9%. Titanium(IV) oxalate hydrate had the highest yield and titanium dioxide the lowest. Erythema, dermatitis and local swelling were the most common objective complaints. In 16 (61.5%) patients, the test result had partial or full clinical relevance.
conclusionsNo titanium-specific risk factors and clinical picture could be identified. Titanium dioxide is not adequately sensitive for identifying titanium allergy. The titanium salts seem to be possible superior patch test preparations, but appear to be unsuitable if used singly. The patient's medical history and clinical picture remain crucial in the diagnostic work-up.
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