ArticleEducational and psychological measurement2018
A Multilevel Bifactor Approach to Construct Validation of Mixed-Format Scales.
Article in Educational and psychological measurement, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Differential item functioning of PROMIS Sleep Disturbance-Short Form 8a across levels of health literacy in a community sample of adults.Psychological assessment · 2026Article
- Accommodating and Extending Various Models for Special Effects Within the Generalized Partially Confirmatory Factor Analysis Framework.Applied psychological measurement · 2024Article
- Development and Validation of the Sexual Minority Adolescent Rejection Sensitivity Scale.Archives of sexual behavior · 2023Article
- Resolving Dimensionality in a Child Assessment Tool: An Application of the Multilevel Bifactor Model.Educational and psychological measurement · 2023Article
- The Bayesian Multilevel Trifactor Item Response Theory Model.Educational and psychological measurement · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Wording effects associated with positively and negatively worded items have been found in many scales. Such effects may threaten construct validity and introduce systematic bias in the interpretation of results. A variety of models have been applied to address wording effects, such as the correlated uniqueness model and the correlated traits and correlated methods model. This study presents the multilevel bifactor approach to handling wording effects of mixed-format scales used in a multilevel context. The Students Confident in Mathematics scale is used to illustrate this approach. Results from comparing a series of models showed that positive and negative wording effects were present at both the within and the between levels. When the wording effects were ignored, the within-level predictive validity of the Students Confident in Mathematics scale was close to that under the multilevel bifactor model. However, at the between level, a lower validity coefficient was observed when ignoring the wording effects. Implications for applied researchers are discussed.
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