SynthesisBiology of sex differences2018
Sex differences in cardiovascular epigenetics-a systematic review.
Synthesis in Biology of sex differences, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 94 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Epigenetic signatures of cardiometabolic risk in men: accelerated aging and differential methylation replicated across cohorts.Clinical epigenetics · 2026Article
- Longitudinal associations of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome with midlife or late-life mental disorders and dementia, and the mediating role of metabolomic signature.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- A Four-Phenotype Model for Risk Stratification in Heart Failure with Preserved and Mildly Reduced Ejection Fraction: The Role of Sex and Diabetes.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Short- and long-term associations of insulin resistance indices with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome risk: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Sex differences in endothelial cell biology: cellular phenotypes and molecular regulators.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Review
- B-cell DNA methylation signature in response to hepatitis B virus vaccination in females and males.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Epigenetic regulation of cardiac physiology and pathophysiology: biological sex matters.The journal of cardiovascular aging · 2026Article
- Toward Precision Medicine in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: Insights from Omics Data into Sex Differences.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2025Review
- Perinatal Exposure to Lead or Diethylhexyl Phthalate in Mice: Sex-Specific Effects on Cardiac DNA Methylation and Gene Expression across Time.Environmental health perspectives · 2025Article
- Y chromosome-linked UTY modulates sex differences in valvular fibroblast methylation in response to nanoscale extracellular matrix cues.Science advances · 2025Article
- Review
- Epigenetics of cardiomyopathies: the next frontier.Heart failure reviews · 2025Review
- Superior aortic strain and ventriculoarterial coupling in older women are moderately correlated with Framingham 10-year risk.European heart journal. Imaging methods and practice · 2025Article
- Sex Differences in Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome: 30-Year US Trends and Mortality Risks-Brief Report.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2025Article
- Cardiac Molecular Analysis Reveals Aging-Associated Metabolic Alterations Promoting Glycosaminoglycans Accumulation via Hexosamine Biosynthetic Pathway.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Blood-based HYAL2 methylation as a potential marker for the preclinical detection of coronary heart disease and stroke.Clinical epigenetics · 2024Article
- Epigenetic regulation of sex dimorphism in cardiovascular health.Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology · 2024Review
- An emerging link between lncRNAs and cancer sex dimorphism.Human genetics · 2024Review
- Blood-Based Epigenetic Age Acceleration and Incident Colorectal Cancer Risk: Findings from a Population-Based Case-Control Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDifferences in cardiovascular diseases are evident in men and women throughout life and are mainly attributed to the presence of sex hormones and chromosomes. Epigenetic mechanisms drive the regulation of the biological processes that may lead to CVD and are possibly influenced by sex. In order to gain an overview of the status quo on sex differences in cardiovascular epigenetics, we performed a systematic review. MATERIALS AND
methodsA systematic search was performed on PubMed and Embase for studies mentioning cardiovascular disease, epigenetics, and anything related to sex differences. The search returned 3071 publications to be screened. Primary included publications focused on cardiovascular and epigenetics research. Subsequently, papers were assessed for including both sexes in their studies and checked for appropriate sex stratification of results.
resultsTwo independent screeners identified 75 papers in the proper domains that had included both sexes. Only 17% (13 papers out of 75) of these publications stratified some of their data according to sex. All remaining papers focused on DNA methylation solely as an epigenetic mechanism. Of the excluded papers that included only one sex, 86% (24 out 28) studied males, while 14% (4 out of 28) studied females.
conclusionOur overview indicates that the majority of studies into cardiovascular epigenetics do not show their data stratified by sex, despite the well-known sex differences in CVD. All included and sex-stratified papers focus on DNA methylation, indicating that a lot of ground is still to gain regarding other epigenetic mechanisms, like chromatin architecture, and histone modifications. More attention to sex in epigenetic studies is warranted as such integration will advance our understanding of cardiovascular disease mechanisms in men and women.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.