Observational studyPloS one2018
Growth differentiation factor-15 levels and the risk of contrast induced nephropathy in patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: A retrospective observation study.
Observational study in PloS one, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Prognostic Value of Pre-Procedural and Post-Procedural Inflammatory-Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Acute Coronary Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Pooled it
- Novel Roles of GDF15 in Alleviating Renal Fibrosis: Promoting Autophagy and Lysosome Biogenesis via Inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Biomarkers in Contrast-Induced Nephropathy: Advances in Early Detection, Risk Assessment, and Prevention Strategies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Unveiling the Mysteries of Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury: New Horizons in Pathogenesis and Prevention.Toxics · 2024Review
- Differential gene expression patterns in ST-elevation Myocardial Infarction and Non-ST-elevation Myocardial Infarction.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Development and validation of a novel combinatorial nomogram model to predict in-hospital deaths in heart failure patients.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2024Article
- Urinary Growth Differentiation Factor-15 (GDF15) levels as a biomarker of adverse outcomes and biopsy findings in chronic kidney disease.Journal of nephrology · 2021Article
- Article
- Machine Learning to Predict Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction.Frontiers in medicine · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimsTo investigate the association between growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) and contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
methodsA total of 311 patients with AMI were studied retrospectively. All patients were divided into two groups according to the occurrence of CIN after PCI. Baseline clinical data were compared between two groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the risk factors for CIN. Cox regression analysis was used to identify the association between GDF-15, CIN and short-term outcome.
resultsThere were 80 patients in CIN group (average age was 71.60 ± 13.00 years; 67.5% male) and 231 patients in non-CIN group (average age was 63.80 ± 11.70 years; 71.9%male). The concentration of GDF-15 in CIN group was higher than that of non-CIN group (1232 ± 366.6 ng/L vs. 939.20 ± 309.6 ng/L, P <0.001). According to GDF-15 quartiles, patients were divided into four groups. Multivariate logistic model indicated that the highest quartile(Q4) was significantly associated with an increased risk of CIN compared with lower level of GDF-15 (Q1, Q2 and Q3) (OR : 3.572, 1.803-7.078, P < 0.001). Of 243 patients who could calculate the ACEF risk score, area under the curve (AUC) of GDF-15 was 0.793, 95%CI: 0.729-0.856, P < 0.001, while AUC of ACEF was 0.708, 95%CI: 0.630-0.786, P < 0.001. Using 10% and 30% as arbitrary thresholds to define patients at low, intermediate, and high risk, GDF-15 achieved a net reclassification improvement (NRI) of 0.32 (95%CI: 0.123-0.518, P = 0.001) compared with the ACEF risk score. Cox regression model showed that high concentration of GDF-15 (Q4) was significantly associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality and major adverse clinical events (MACE) (HR: 8.434, 95%CI: 2.650-26.837, P <0.001; HR: 3.562, 95%CI: 1.658-7.652, P = 0.001) compared with low level of GDF-15 (Q1, Q2 and Q3). CIN was an independent predictor of all-cause mortality and MACE in AMI patients (HR: 3.535, 95%CI: 1.135-11.005, P = 0.029; HR: 5.154, 95%CI: 2.228-11.925, P <0.001).
conclusionGDF-15 levels increased in CIN group in AMI patients underwent PCI. GDF-15 was an independent risk factor for CIN in AMI patients underwent PCI. GDF-15 level and CIN are independent risk factors for all-cause mortality and MACE in short-term follow-ups.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.