Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29791202›Full record

ArticleThe British journal of radiology2018

Different MR features for differentiation of intrahepatic mass-forming cholangiocarcinoma from hepatocellular carcinoma according to tumor size.

Ting Ni, Xiao-Sha Shang, Wen-Tao Wang, Xin-Xing Hu, Meng-Su Zeng, Sheng-Xiang Rao

Abstract readComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The British journal of radiology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.5field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  4. Assessment of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma with LI-RADS in the high-risk population: MRI diagnosis and postoperative survival.Cancer imaging : the official publication of the International Cancer Imaging Society · 2025
    Article
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  12. Holistic management of hepatocellular carcinoma: The hepatologist's comprehensive playbook.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2022
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Ting Ni1 Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, and Shanghai Medical Imaging Institute , Shanghai , China.
Xiao-Sha Shang1 Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, and Shanghai Medical Imaging Institute , Shanghai , China.
Wen-Tao Wang1 Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, and Shanghai Medical Imaging Institute , Shanghai , China.
Xin-Xing Hu1 Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, and Shanghai Medical Imaging Institute , Shanghai , China.
Meng-Su Zeng1 Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, and Shanghai Medical Imaging Institute , Shanghai , China.
Sheng-Xiang Rao1 Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, and Shanghai Medical Imaging Institute , Shanghai , China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7722-8327
Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo identify reliable magnetic resonance (MR) features for distinguishing mass-forming type of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IMCC) from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) based on tumor size.

methodsThis retrospective study included 395 patients with pathologically confirmed IMCCs (n = 180) and HCCs (n = 215) who underwent pre-operative contrast-enhanced MRI including diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). MR features were evaluated and clinical data were also recorded. All the characteristics were compared in small (≤3 cm) and large tumor (>3 cm) groups by univariate analysis and subsequently calculated by multivariable logistic regression analysis.

resultsMultivariable analysis revealed that rim arterial phase hyperenhancement [odds ratios (ORs) = 13.16], biliary dilation (OR = 23.42) and CA19-9 (OR = 21.45) were significant predictors of large IMCCs (n = 138), and washout appearance (OR = 0.036), enhancing capsule appearance (OR = 0.039), fat in mass (OR = 0.057), chronic liver disease (OR = 0.088) and alpha fetoprotein (OR = 0.019) were more frequently found in large HCCs (n = 143). For small IMCCs (n = 42) and HCCs (n = 72), rim arterial phase hyperenhancement (OR = 9.68), target appearance at DWI (OR = 12.51), alpha fetoprotein (OR = 0.12) and sex (OR = 0.20) were independent predictors in multivariate analysis.

conclusionValuable MR features and clinical factors varied for differential diagnosis of IMCCs and HCCs according to tumor size. Advances in knowledge: MR features for differential diagnosis of large IMCC and HCC (>3 cm) are in keeping with that recommended by LI-RADS. However, for small IMCCs and HCCs (≤3 cm), only rim enhancement on arterial phase and target appearance at DWI are reliable predictors.

Indexed as

AdultAgedAged, 80 and overBile Duct NeoplasmsCarcinoma, HepatocellularCholangiocarcinomaDiagnosis, DifferentialFemaleHumansLiver NeoplasmsMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesTumor Burden

Identifiers

PMID29791202
PMCPMC6209488
OpenAlexW2803234009

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.