SynthesisJournal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS2018
Pediatric Brain Development in Down Syndrome: A Field in Its Infancy.
Synthesis in Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Use of Virtual and Computational Technologies in the Psychomotor and Cognitive Development of Children with Down Syndrome: A Systematic Literature Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Meta-Analysis of Down Syndrome Cortical Development Reveals Underdeveloped State of the Science.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2022Pooled it
- Abnormal neuronal and synaptic morphology in Down syndrome brains reproduces in human isogenic cellular models.Cell death & disease · 2026Article
- Distinct brain regions are affected by neurodevelopmental or pre-dementia changes in Down syndrome.Brain communications · 2026Article
- Neonatal striatal volume is associated with infant anhedonia.Journal of affective disorders · 2026Article
- Development of Molecular Neuropathology in Down Syndrome across the Lifespan.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025Review
- Article
- Brain volumes, cognitive, and adaptive skills in school-age children with Down syndrome.Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders · 2024Article
- Review
- Consequences of trisomy 21 for brain development in Down syndrome.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2024Review
- Article
- The Variegation of Human Brain Vulnerability to Rare Genetic Disorders and Convergence With Behaviorally Defined Disorders.Biological psychiatry · 2024Article
- Volumetric differences of thalamic nuclei in children with trisomy 21.The neuroradiology journal · 2023Article
- Correlating MRI-based brain volumetry and cognitive assessment in people with Down syndrome.Brain and behavior · 2023Article
- Comprehensive volumetric phenotyping of the neonatal brain in Down syndrome.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2023Article
- REST Targets JAK-STAT and HIF-1 Signaling Pathways in Human Down Syndrome Brain and Neural Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- A biophysiological framework exploring factors affecting speech and swallowing in clinical populations: focus on individuals with Down syndrome.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Article
- From neurodevelopment to neurodegeneration: utilizing human stem cell models to gain insight into Down syndrome.Frontiers in genetics · 2023Review
- Distinct neuroanatomical and neuropsychological features of Down syndrome compared to related neurodevelopmental disorders: a systematic review.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- The implications of exosomes in pregnancy: emerging as new diagnostic markers and therapeutics targets.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesAs surprisingly little is known about the developing brain studied in vivo in youth with Down syndrome (DS), the current review summarizes the small DS pediatric structural neuroimaging literature and begins to contextualize existing research within a developmental framework.
methodsA systematic review of the literature was completed, effect sizes from published studies were reviewed, and results are presented with respect to the DS cognitive behavioral phenotype and typical brain development.
resultsThe majority of DS structural neuroimaging studies describe gross differences in brain morphometry and do not use advanced neuroimaging methods to provide nuanced descriptions of the brain. There is evidence for smaller total brain volume (TBV), total gray matter (GM) and white matter, cortical lobar, hippocampal, and cerebellar volumes. When reductions in TBV are accounted for, specific reductions are noted in subregions of the frontal lobe, temporal lobe, cerebellum, and hippocampus. A review of cortical lobar effect sizes reveals mostly large effect sizes from early childhood through adolescence. However, deviance is smaller in adolescence. Despite these smaller effects, frontal GM continues to be largely deviant in adolescence. An examination of age-frontal GM relations using effect sizes from published studies and data from Lee et al. (2016) reveals that while there is a strong inverse relationship between age and frontal GM volume in controls across childhood and adolescence, this is not observed in DS.
conclusionsFurther developmentally focused research, ideally using longitudinal neuroimaging, is needed to elucidate the nature of the DS neuroanatomic phenotype during childhood and adolescence. (JINS, 2018, 24, 966-976).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.