ArticleJournal of behavioral addictions2018
Expression of NMDA receptor subunits in human blood lymphocytes: A peripheral biomarker in online computer game addiction.
Article in Journal of behavioral addictions, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Emerging Roles of GluN3B NMDA Receptor Subunit in the Central Nervous System.Neuroscience bulletin · 2026Review
- Epigenome-wide exploratory study of blood DNA methylation and markers of physical performance indicates subtle differences across levels of cardiovascular fitness.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Article
- Peripheral NMDAR subunits as predictors of working memory improvement in schizophrenia.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Extrasynaptic NMDA receptors in acute and chronic excitotoxicity: implications for preventive treatments of ischemic stroke and late-onset Alzheimer's disease.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2023Review
- Deregulated calcium signaling in blood cancer: Underlying mechanisms and therapeutic potential.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Review
- Electronic Sports Sustainable Development of Probing into Digital Games, Teenage Domestication, and Mutual Construction.Journal of environmental and public health · 2022Article
- Transcriptome-wide association study of post-trauma symptom trajectories identified GRIN3B as a potential biomarker for PTSD development.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2021Article
- mRNA Levels of MAOA and 5-HTFrontiers in psychiatry · 2021Article
- The Effect of Brain Teaser Games on the Attention of Players Based on Hormonal and Brain Signals Changes.Basic and clinical neuroscienceArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background and aims Repeated performance of some behaviors such as playing computer games could result in addiction. The NMDA receptor is critically involved in the development of behavioral and drug addictions. It has been claimed that the expression level of neurotransmitter receptors in the brain may be reflected in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs). Methods Here, using a real-time PCR method, we have investigated the mRNA expression of GluN2A, GluN2D, GluN3A, and GluN3B subunits of the NMDA receptor in PBLs of male online computer game addicts (n = 25) in comparison with normal subjects (n = 26). Results Expression levels of GluN2A, GluN2D, and GluN3B subunits were not statistically different between game addicts and the control group. However, the mRNA expression of the GluN3A subunit was downregulated in PBLs of game addicts. Discussion and conclusions Transcriptional levels of GluN2A and GluN2D subunits in online computer game addicts are similar to our previously reported data of opioid addiction and are not different from the control group. However, unlike our earlier finding of drug addiction, the mRNA expression levels of GluN3A and GluN3B subunits in PBLs of game addicts are reduced and unchanged, respectively, compared with control subjects. It seems that the downregulated state of the GluN3A subunit of NMDA receptor in online computer game addicts is a finding that deserves more studies in the future to see whether it can serve as a peripheral biomarker in addiction studies, where the researcher wants to rule out the confusing effects of abused drugs.
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