ArticleScientific reports2018
Optimized delivery of siRNA into 3D tumor spheroid cultures in situ.
Article in Scientific reports, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed.
- 3D Liver Fibrosis Models in Lab: A Novel Modality for Drug Screening.Pharmacology research & perspectives · 2026Review
- Lessons on multicellular two- (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) culture in parasitology: Insights, challenges and future directions.International journal for parasitology · 2026Review
- A guide for establishing patient-derived organoids from bile samples obtained during endoscopic procedures and performing gene expression knockdown.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Article
- Successful Delivery of Small Non-Coding RNA Molecules into Human iPSC-Derived Lung Spheroids in 3D Culture Environment.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Extracellular vesicles derived from salivary gland stem cells cultured on microwell scaffolds loaded with WNT3A promote the recovery of salivary gland function damaged by radiation via the YWHAZ-PI3K-AKT pathway.Bioactive materials · 2025Article
- Integration of biomimetic organoid-on-chip and 2D models advances the mechanistic Understanding of STEAP3-mediated regulation in intestinal viral infection.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Long-term expansion of basal cells and the novel differentiation methods identify mechanisms for switching Claudin expression in normal epithelia.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Individualized Pooled CRISPR/Cas9 Screenings Identify CDK2 as a Druggable Vulnerability in a Canine Mammary Carcinoma Patient.Veterinary sciences · 2025Article
- Important Aspects of siRNA Design for Optimal Efficacy In Vitro and In Vivo.International journal of cell biology · 2025Review
- Harnessing 3D cell models and high-resolution imaging to unveil the mechanisms of nanoparticle-mediated drug delivery.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025Review
- WNT4 promotes the symmetric fission of crypt in radiation-induced intestinal epithelial regeneration.Cellular & molecular biology letters · 2024Article
- Article
- PALB2-mutated human mammary cells display a broad spectrum of morphological and functional abnormalities induced by increased TGFβ signaling.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2024Article
- Effect of Polyplex Size on Penetration into Tumor Spheroids.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2023Article
- RAF1 contributes to cell proliferation and STAT3 activation in colorectal cancer independently of microsatellite and KRAS status.Oncogene · 2023Article
- Organoid-on-a-chip model of human ARPKD reveals mechanosensing pathomechanisms for drug discovery.Science advances · 2022Article
- Article
- Human Endometrial Organoids: Recent Research Progress and Potential Applications.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2022Review
- 5-Aminosalicylic acid inhibits stem cell function in human adenoma-derived cells: implications for chemoprophylaxis in colorectal tumorigenesis.British journal of cancer · 2021Article
- LAT1 and ASCT2 Related microRNAs as Potential New Therapeutic Agents against Colorectal Cancer Progression.Biomedicines · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
3D tissue culture provides a physiologically relevant and genetically tractable system for studying normal and malignant human tissues. Despite this, gene-silencing studies using siRNA has proved difficult. In this study, we have identified a cause for why traditional siRNA transfection techniques are ineffective in eliciting gene silencing in situ within 3D cultures and proposed a simple method for significantly enhancing siRNA entry into spheroids/organoids. In 2D cell culture, the efficiency of gene silencing is significantly reduced when siRNA complexes are prepared in the presence of serum. Surprisingly, in both 3D tumour spheroids and primary murine organoids, the presence of serum during siRNA preparation rapidly promotes entry and internalization of Cy3-labelled siRNA in under 2 hours. Conversely, siRNA prepared in traditional low-serum transfection media fails to gain matrigel or spheroid/organoid entry. Direct measurement of CTNNB1 mRNA (encoding β-catenin) from transfected tumour spheroids confirmed a transient but significant knockdown of β-catenin when siRNA:liposome complexes were formed with serum, but not when prepared in the presence of reduced-serum media (Opti-MEM). Our studies suggest a simple modification to standard lipid-based transfection protocols facilitates rapid siRNA entry and transient gene repression, providing a platform for researchers to improve siRNA efficiency in established 3D cultures.
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