ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2018
RETRACTED: Chlorogenic Acid Improves the Regorafenib Effects in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 33 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Unraveling regorafenib resistance: metabolic reprogramming, tumor plasticity, and novel approaches to overcome therapy failure.Archives of pharmacal research · 2026Review
- RETRACTED: Refolo et al. Chlorogenic Acid Improves the Regorafenib Effects in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Deciphering the cancer chemopreventive potential of phytochemicals: an integrative perspective on molecular targets and signaling networks.Cancer cell international · 2026Review
- Microencapsulation of Black Carrot Pomace Bioactive Compounds: Artificial Neural Network Modeling of Cytotoxicity on L929 Fibroblast Cells.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Chlorogenic Acid in Antitumor Therapy: Multi-Pathway Mechanisms, Nanocarrier-Mediated Smart Delivery, and Synergistic Combinatorial Strategies.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Anticancer potential of hydroxycinnamic acids: mechanisms, bioavailability, and therapeutic applications.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Review
- Pharmacological advances of the chlorogenic acids family: current insights and future research directions.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of cancers of hepatobiliary system: from clinical evidence to drug discovery.Molecular cancer · 2024Review
- Protective Effect of Caffeine and Chlorogenic Acids of Coffee in Liver Disease.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Therapeutic Potential of Chlorogenic Acid in Chemoresistance and Chemoprotection in Cancer Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Recent Updates on the Therapeutics Benefits, Clinical Trials, and Novel Delivery Systems of Chlorogenic Acid for the Management of Diseases with a Special Emphasis on Ulcerative Colitis.Current pharmaceutical design · 2024Review
- Targeting the mTOR Pathway in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: The Therapeutic Potential of Natural Products.Journal of inflammation research · 2024Review
- Evaluation of cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of the extracts and phenolic compounds ofSaudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2023Article
- The Chemopreventive Effects of Chlorogenic Acids, Phenolic Compounds in Coffee, against Inflammation, Cancer, and Neurological Diseases.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Regorafenib and Ruthenium Complex Combination Inhibit Cancer Cell Growth by Targeting PI3K/AKT/ERK Signalling in Colorectal Cancer Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Combinatorial Effects of the Natural Products Arctigenin, Chlorogenic Acid, and Cinnamaldehyde Commit Oxidation Assassination on Breast Cancer Cells.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- The Biological Activity Mechanism of Chlorogenic Acid and Its Applications in Food Industry: A Review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Review
- Chlorogenic acid: Potential source of natural drugs for the therapeutics of fibrosis and cancer.Translational oncology · 2022Review
- Coffeeberry Activates the CaMKII/CREB/BDNF Pathway, Normalizes Autophagy and Apoptosis Signaling in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Rodent Model.Nutrients · 2021Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
- Retracted
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is a polyphenol present in many human dietary foods. Several studies indicated a beneficial role of CGA in the prevention of cancer and an enhancement of chemotherapy when combined with CGA in the treatment of human hepatocarcinoma (HCC). Drug toxicity, resistance and subsequent disease progression represent a problem in HCC management, although treatment with the multikinase inhibitor Regorafenib improved overall survival. This study focused on the evaluation of the effects of combined treatment using both low Regorafenib concentrations and CGA as natural compound in HCC cells. The analysis of cell proliferation by Ki67 staining and cell cycle progression showed that CGA enhanced Regorafenib-mediated cell growth inhibition. Moreover, CGA potentiated the apoptotic effect of Regorafenib by the activation of the pro-apoptotic Annexin V, Bax and Caspase 3/7 and the inhibition of anti-apoptotic Bcl2 and Bcl-xL. Combined treatments were also effective in inhibiting cell motility. The mechanisms underlying the positive effects of combining CGA and Regorafenib were also addressed and an increased inhibition of MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase)and PI3K/Akt/mTORC (phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling was observed. Overall, these data demonstrated that co-treatment with Regorafenib and CGA enhanced Regorafenib action, reducing its cytotoxicity in HCC cells. In conclusion, this drug combination could be considered as a safe and more effective approach in HCC therapy.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.