Trial reportUrologic oncology2018
Modifiable risk factors to reduce renal cell carcinoma incidence: Insight from the PLCO trial.
Trial report in Urologic oncology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- American Association of Clinical Endocrinology Clinical Practice Guideline: Developing a Diabetes Mellitus Comprehensive Care Plan-2022 Update.Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists · 2022Guideline
- The disease burden of kidney cancer in Asian countries and regions from 1990 to 2021: a study based on the Global Burden of Disease database.Translational andrology and urology · 2025Article
- Enhancing cancer risk awareness and screening management through artificial intelligence: a narrative review.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- Microfluidics and molecular diagnostics in renal cell carcinoma: advances, challenges, and future directions.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- Sex Differences in Renal Cell Carcinoma: The Importance of Body Composition.Annals of surgical oncology · 2023Article
- The causal effect of serum micronutrients on malignant kidney neoplasm in European descent.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Article
- Review
- Association Between Diabetes and the Risk of Kidney Cancer: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Clinical diabetes : a publication of the American Diabetes Association · 2022Article
- Gender-Specific Metabolomics Approach to Kidney Cancer.Metabolites · 2021Article
- MicroRNA-501-3p inhibits the proliferation of kidney cancer cells by targeting WTAP.Cancer medicine · 2021Article
- Review
- Ampelopsin Inhibits Cell Viability and Metastasis in Renal Cell Carcinoma by Negatively Regulating the PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2021Article
- Hypertension and the Risk of All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality: An Outcome-Wide Association Study of 67 Causes of Death in the National Health Interview Survey.BioMed research international · 2021Article
- Gender-Related Approach to Kidney Cancer Management: Moving Forward.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Towards individualized therapy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2019Review
- Genetic variants in a long noncoding RNA related to Sunitinib Resistance predict risk and survival of patients with renal cell carcinoma.Cancer medicine · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionIdentify modifiable factors contributing to renal cell carcinoma in the PCLO to target disease prevention and reduce health care costs.
methodsThe prostate, lung, colorectal, and ovarian database were queried for the primary outcome of kidney cancer. Demographics were investigated, specifically focusing on modifiable risk factors. Statistical analysis includes the Student t-test for continuous variables, chi-squared or Fisher's exact tests for dichotomous and categorical variables for bivariate analysis. The Cox proportional hazards model was used in a multivariate time-to-event analysis.
resultsWe investigate existing data relating specifically to renal cancer. After missing data were excluded, we analyzed 149,683 subjects enrolled in the prostate, lung, colorectal, and ovarian trial and noted 0.5% (n = 748) subjects developed renal cancer. Age, male gender, body mass index, diabetes, and hypertension were all significant associated with renal cancer in bivariate analysis (P<0.05). Men have a significant increased risk of kidney cancer over women (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.85; 95% CI: 1.58-2.16; P<0.0001). Nonmodifiable risk factors that are associated with kidney cancer include age (HR = 1.05; 95% CI: 1.01; 1.05, P = 0.001). Modifiable risk factors include obesity measured by body mass index (HR = 1.05; 95% CI: 1.02-1.07; P<0.0001), hypertension (HR = 1.32; 95% CI: 1.13-1.54; P = 0.0004), and smoking in pack-years (HR = 1.04; 95% CI: 1.02-1.07; P = 0.0002).
conclusionsObesity, hypertension, and smoking are the 3 modifiable risk factors that could aggressively be targeted to reduce renal cell carcinoma.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.