Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29779434›Full record

ArticleJournal of learning disabilities

A Cognitive Dimensional Approach to Understanding Shared and Unique Contributions to Reading, Math, and Attention Skills.

Amanda E Child, Paul T Cirino, Jack M Fletcher, Erik G Willcutt, Lynn S Fuchs

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of learning disabilities. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
27citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
9.6field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 80 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Do Computer-Based Accommodations Matter? An Evaluation of Bundled Accommodations for Secondary Students With Mild Intellectual Disabilities.Journal of special education technology : a publication of Utah State University, the Association for Special Education Technology, and the Technology and Media Division of the Council for Exceptional Children · 2025
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  10. Framing Executive Function as a Construct and its Relation to Academic Achievement.Mind, brain and education : the official journal of the International Mind, Brain, and Education Society · 2023
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Amanda E Child1 University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
Paul T Cirino1 University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
Jack M Fletcher1 University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
Erik G Willcutt2 University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA.
Lynn S Fuchs3 Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
University of Houston · USUniversity of Colorado Boulder · USVanderbilt University · US

Funding

VALIDITY OF SUBTYPES OF ADHDP50HD027802 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO AT BOULDER · PI Marie T Banich · 1990 to 2026
$44.9M
Research Project: Sensory and Multisensory Contributions to AutismU54HD083211 · NICHD · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER · PI DYKENS, ELISABETH MAY · 2015 to 2019
$7.1M
Etiology and Neuropsychology of Math, Reading, ADHD, and their CovariationR01HD068728 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO · PI PETRILL, STEPHEN A., WILLCUTT, ERIK G · 2011 to 2015
$3.0M
Calculations, Word Problems, and Algebraic CognitionR01HD059179 · NICHD · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY · PI FUCHS, LYNN S · 2009 to 2013
$2.8M
Word Problems, Language, & Comorbid Learning DisabilitiesP20HD075443 · NICHD · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY · PI FUCHS, LYNN S · 2017 to 2021
$2.5M
NICHD NIH HHS P20 HD075443NICHD NIH HHS P50 HD027802NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD059179NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD068728NICHD NIH HHS U54 HD083211
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Disorders of reading, math, and attention frequently co-occur in children. However, it is not yet clear which cognitive factors contribute to comorbidities among multiple disorders and which uniquely relate to one, especially because they have rarely been studied as a triad. Thus, the present study considers how reading, math, and attention relate to phonological awareness, numerosity, working memory, and processing speed, all implicated as either unique or shared correlates of these disorders. In response to findings that the attributes of all three disorders exist on a continuum rather than representing qualitatively different groups, this study employed a dimensional approach. Furthermore, we used both timed and untimed academic variables in addition to attention and activity level variables. The results supported the role of working memory and phonological awareness in the overlap among reading, math, and attention, with a limited role of processing speed. Numerosity was related to the comorbidity between math and attention. The results from timed variables and activity level were similar to those from untimed and attention variables, although activity level was less strongly related to cognitive and academic/attention variables. These findings have implications for understanding cognitive deficits that contribute to comorbid reading disability, math disability, and/or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Indexed as

Language DevelopmentMathematical ConceptsAcademic PerformanceAttentionAttention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityChildComorbidityDyscalculiaDyslexiaFemaleHumansMaleMathematicsMemory, Short-TermNeuropsychological TestsReaction Timeattentioncognitive predictorcomorbiditymathreading

Identifiers

PMID29779434
PMCPMC6212329
OpenAlexW2902883633

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.