ReviewTropical medicine & international health : TM & IH2018
Soil-transmitted helminth infections associated with wastewater and sludge reuse: a review of current evidence.
Review in Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed.
- Intestinal Parasites in School Children in Rural and Urban Areas in Kavrepalanchok, Nepal.EcoHealth · 2026Article
- The impact of the termination of Lymphatic Filariasis mass drug administration on Soil-transmitted Helminth prevalence in school children in Malawi.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Incidence and Risk Factors of Soil-Transmitted Helminths Among Vegetable Farmers of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.Journal of tropical medicine · 2026Article
- Environmental contamination with taeniid cestode eggs: A systematic literature review.Food and waterborne parasitology · 2025Review
- TiO2 eliminates Hymenolepis nana eggs via photocatalytic activity.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Parasitological survey ofOpen veterinary journal · 2025Article
- Prevalence and determinants of Soil-Transmitted Helminths among urban vegetable farmers in Ghana.PloS one · 2025Article
- Top 5 Things Health Professions Students Should Know About Ecology and Waste Management.AMA journal of ethics · 2024Article
- Anthelmintic resistance in soil-transmitted helminths: One-Health considerations.Parasitology research · 2023Review
- Monks: A Population at Risk for Liver Fluke and Skin-Penetrating Helminths.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2023Article
- Article
- Environmental contamination with parasites in selected rural farms in the Philippines: impacts of farming practices on leafy greens food safety.Parasitology · 2022Article
- Parasitological Assessment of Sewage Sludge Samples for Potential Agricultural Reuse in Tunisia.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Transcriptomic analysis of Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Breit T2 plus line provides insights in host responses resist Pectobacterium carotovorum infection.Bioengineered · 2021Article
- Comparative study of the intestinal parasitism profiles between communities across the 5 municipalities of the Barranquilla metropolitan area, Colombia.Osong public health and research perspectives · 2021Article
- Diagnostic Techniques for Soil-Transmitted Helminths - Recent Advances.Research and reports in tropical medicine · 2021Review
- The Role of Nile Tilapia (Frontiers in veterinary science · 2021Article
- Application of electron beam water radiolysis for sewage sludge treatment-a review.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2020Review
- Chlorination of Schistosoma mansoni cercariae.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Article
- Microbial Contamination, an Increasing Threat to the Consumption of Fresh Fruits and Vegetables in Today's World.International journal of microbiology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo review current evidence on infections related to the concentration of soil-transmitted helminth (STH) eggs in wastewater, sludge and vegetables irrigated with wastewater or grown on sludge-amended soils.
methodSearch of Web of Science, Science Direct, PubMed and Google Scholar databases for publications reporting on STH egg concentration in wastewater, sludge and vegetables and for epidemiological studies on wastewater/sludge reuse and STH infections.
resultsSTH egg concentrations were variable but high in wastewater and sludge especially in developing countries. They ranged from 6 to 16 000 eggs/L in wastewater and from 0 to 23 000 eggs/g in sludge and far exceed limits set in the WHO guideline for wastewater/sludge reuse. Numbers of STH eggs on vegetables ranged from 0 to 100 eggs/g. The concentration of STH eggs in wastewater, sludge and vegetables therefore relates to risks of infection through different exposure routes.
conclusionEpidemiological evidence reveals an increased prevalence of STH infections associated with direct exposure to wastewater or sludge (farmers) and consumption of vegetables grown on soil treated with it. This calls for increased efforts to reduce the adverse health impact of wastewater and sludge reuse in line with the WHO multi-barrier approach.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.