ReviewCurrent psychiatry reports2018
Startling Differences: Using the Acoustic Startle Response to Study Sex Differences and Neurosteroids in Affective Disorders.
Review in Current psychiatry reports, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02777372 (Psychophysiology, Neurosteroids, and Stress in Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder), which is not on this map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Psychophysiology, Neurosteroids, and Stress in Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neuropeptide S modulation of learning and memory: a systematic review.Behavioral and brain functions : BBF · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of acute estradiol and progesterone on perimenstrual exacerbation of suicidal ideation and related symptoms: a crossover randomized controlled trial.Translational psychiatry · 2022Trial
- Distal pup cues attenuate defensive reactivity and fear-potentiated startle magnitude in postpartum rats without altering sensorimotor gating.Behavioral neuroscience · 2026Article
- Activity of Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Neurons in the Bed Nucleus of the Stria Terminalis Reduces Anxiety-Potentiated Startle in Female Rats in an Estrous Phase-Dependent Manner.Biological psychiatry · 2026Article
- Circadian rhythmicity in prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle response: A study of chronotype and time-of-day effects in young healthy adults.Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2025Article
- Early life adversity accelerates hypothalamic drive of pubertal timing in female rats with associated enhanced acoustic startle.Hormones and behavior · 2024Article
- Evaluating the association between steroid hormones and filtering of sensory information in healthy women.Neuroscience applied · 2024Article
- Optimizing Neuroactive Steroid Treatments for Stress-Related Affective Symptoms: Brief Reflections on Patient Population, Timing, and Access.Biological psychiatry · 2023Article
- Repeatability of Brain Activity as Measured by a 32-Channel EEG System during Resistance Exercise in Healthy Young Adults.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Enduring impact of childhood adversity: Affective modulation of acoustic startle response during pregnancy and postpartum.Physiology & behavior · 2023Article
- What Pre-clinical Rat Models Can Tell Us About Anxiety Across the Menstrual Cycle in Healthy and Clinically Anxious Humans.Current psychiatry reports · 2022Review
- Systemic Administration of a Brain Permeable Cdk5 Inhibitor Alters Neurobehavior.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- Relevance of Objective Measures in Psychiatric Disorders-Rest-Activity Rhythm and Psychophysiological Measures.Current psychiatry reports · 2021Review
- Response to sertraline is associated with reduction in anxiety-potentiated startle in premenstrual dysphoric disorder.Psychopharmacology · 2021Article
- Prepulse Inhibition in Cocaine Addiction and Dual Pathologies.Brain sciences · 2021Article
- A Methyltransferase Inhibitor (Decitabine) Alleviates Intergenerational Effects of Paternal Neonatal Exposure to Anesthesia With Sevoflurane.Anesthesia and analgesia · 2020Article
- Allopregnanolone in premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD): Evidence for dysregulated sensitivity to GABA-A receptor modulating neuroactive steroids across the menstrual cycle.Neurobiology of stress · 2020Article
- Targeting the Stress System During Gestation: Is Early Handling a Protective Strategy for the Offspring?Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purpose of reviewNeuroactive steroid hormones, such as estradiol and progesterone, likely play a role in the pathophysiology of female-specific psychiatric disorders such as premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) and postpartum depression and may contribute to the marked sex differences observed in the incidence and presentation of affective disorders. However, few tools are available to study the precise contributions of these neuroactive steroids (NSs). In this review, we propose that the acoustic startle response (ASR), an objective measure of an organism's response to an emotional context or stressor, is sensitive to NSs. As such, the ASR represents a unique translational tool that may help to elucidate the contribution of NSs to sex differences in psychiatric disorders. RECENT
findingsFindings suggest that anxiety-potentiated startle (APS) and prepulse inhibition of startle (PPI) are the most robust ASR paradigms for assessing contribution of NSs to affective disorders, while affective startle response modulation (ASRM) appears less diagnostic of sex or menstrual cycle (MC) effects. However, few studies have appropriately used ASR to test a priori hypotheses about sex or MC differences. We recommend that ASR studies account for sex as a biological variable (SABV) and hormonal status to further knowledge of NS contribution to affective disorders.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.