ReviewCurrent psychiatry reports2018
What Does Sex Have to Do with It? The Role of Sex as a Biological Variable in the Development of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.
Review in Current psychiatry reports, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A systematic review of the pharmacological modulation of autobiographical memory specificity.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Pooled it
- Factors associated with gender and sex differences in anxiety prevalence and comorbidity: A systematic review.Science progressPooled it
- Exogenous estradiol modulates entorhinal cortex contributions to episodic encoding of conditioned threat in women.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2026Trial
- Posttraumatic stress disorder and associated factors among stroke survivors in Northwest Ethiopia.Discover mental health · 2025Article
- The prevalence of traumatic experiences and PTSD according to DSM-5 and ICD-11 in the German general population.Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences · 2025Article
- Interindividual and sex differences in resilience and vulnerability to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD): insights from animal models.Biology of sex differences · 2025Review
- Understanding Onset, Dynamic Transitions, and Associated Inequality Risk Factors for Adverse Posttraumatic Neuropsychiatric Sequelae After Trauma Exposure.Psychiatric research and clinical practice · 2025Article
- Conceptualizing disparities and differences in the psychobiology of traumatic stress.Journal of traumatic stress · 2024Review
- The severity of perceived stress associated with community violence exposure and its role in future posttraumatic stress: findings from a longitudinal study of U.S. adolescents.Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health · 2024Article
- Genetic influences on testosterone and PTSD.Journal of psychiatric research · 2024Article
- Trajectories of post-traumatic stress in sepsis survivors two years after ICU discharge: a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial.Critical care (London, England) · 2024Review
- Attenuated peripheral oxygen extraction and greater cardiac output in women with posttraumatic stress disorder during exercise.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2024Article
- Posttraumatic stress disorder and its associated factors among people living in Dabat district, northwest Ethiopia.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Sex and Gender Differences in Co-Occurring Alcohol Use Disorder and PTSD.Current addiction reports · 2023Article
- Trauma Matters: Integrating Genetic and Environmental Components of PTSD.Advanced genetics (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2023Article
- Pre-Learning Stress That Is Temporally Removed from Acquisition Impairs Fear Learning.Biology · 2023Article
- Analysis of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Gene Expression Profiles in a Prospective, Community-Based Cohort.Human biology · 2023Article
- Post-traumatic stress disorder: clinical and translational neuroscience from cells to circuits.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2022Review
- Puberty reverses sex differences in learning.Nature neuroscience · 2022Article
- Disgustingly perfect: An examination of disgust, perfectionism, and gender.Motivation and emotion · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purpose of reviewThis review highlights the neurobiological aspects of sex differences in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), specifically focusing on the physiological responses to trauma and presents evidence supporting hormone and neurosteroid/peptide differences from both preclinical and clinical research. RECENT
findingsWhile others have suggested that trauma type or acute emotional reaction are responsible for women's disproportionate risk to PTSD, neither of these explanations fully accounts for the sex differences in PTSD. Sex differences in brain neurocircuitry, anatomy, and neurobiological processes, such as those involved in learning and memory, are discussed as they have been implicated in risk and resilience for the development of PTSD. Gonadal and stress hormones have been found to modulate sex differences in the neurocircuitry and neurochemistry underlying fear learning and extinction. Preclinical research has not consistently controlled for hormonal and reproductive status of rodents nor have clinical studies consistently examined these factors as potential moderators of risk for PTSD. Sex as a biological variable (SABV) should be considered, in addition to the endocrine and reproductive status of participants, in all stress physiology and PTSD research.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.