Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29777228›Full record

Trial reportInternational journal of obesity (2005)2018

Effects of clomiphene citrate on male obesity-associated hypogonadism: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

Andressa Heimbecher Soares, Nidia Celeste Horie, Lucas Augusto Piccinin Chiang, Bruno Caramelli, Mariana Gomes Matheus, Alexandre Holthausen Campos, Luciana Cavalheiro Marti, Fernanda Agostini Rocha, Marcio C Mancini, Elaine Maria Frade Costa and 1 more

Open access · greenAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in International journal of obesity (2005), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
3.6field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 61 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  7. Age-related testosterone decline: mechanisms and intervention strategies.Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2024
    Review
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  12. The role of the androgen receptor in the pathogenesis of obesity and its utility as a target for obesity treatments.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2022
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Andressa Heimbecher SoaresGrupo de Obesidade e Síndrome Metabólica, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. andressaheimbecher@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9618-0402
Nidia Celeste HorieGrupo de Obesidade e Síndrome Metabólica, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5861-0459
Lucas Augusto Piccinin ChiangFaculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Bruno CaramelliUnidade de Medicina Interdisciplinar em Cardiologia, INCOR, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Mariana Gomes MatheusUnidade de Medicina Interdisciplinar em Cardiologia, INCOR, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Alexandre Holthausen CamposHospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil.
Luciana Cavalheiro MartiExperimental Research Center, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil.
Fernanda Agostini RochaExperimental Research Center, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil.
Marcio C ManciniGrupo de Obesidade e Síndrome Metabólica and Laboratory of Carbohydrates and Raioimmunoassay (LIM/18), ICHC, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Elaine Maria Frade CostaUnidade de Endocrinologia do Desenvolvimento/Hormone and Molecular Genetics Laboratory (LIM/42), ICHC, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Cintia CercatoGrupo de Obesidade e Síndrome Metabólica and Laboratory of Carbohydrates and Raioimmunoassay (LIM/18), ICHC, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo · BRHospital Israelita Albert Einstein · BR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundObesity causes secondary hypogonadism (HG) in men. Standard testosterone (T) replacement therapy improves metabolic parameters but leads to infertility.

objectiveTo evaluate clomiphene citrate (CC) treatment of adult men with male obesity-associated secondary hypogonadism (MOSH).

designSingle-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

participantsSeventy-eight men aged 36.5 ± 7.8 years with a body mass index (BMI) > 30 kg/m

interventionRandom allocation to receive 50 mg CC or placebo (PLB) for 12 weeks. OUTCOMES: (1) Clinical features: ADAM and sexual behavior questionnaires; (2) hormonal profile: serum TT, free T, estradiol (E2), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG); (3) body composition: BMI, waist circumference, and bioelectric impedance analysis; (4) metabolic profile: blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, insulin, HOMA-IR, and lipid profile; (5) endothelial function: flow-mediated dilation of the brachial artery, quantitative assessment of endothelial progenitor cells and serum sICAM-1, sVCAM-1, and selectin-sE levels; (6) safety aspects: hematocrit, serum prostate-specific antigen, International Prostate Symptom Score, and self-reported adverse effects.

resultsThere was an improvement in one sexual complaint (weaker erections; P < 0.001); increases (P < 0.001) in TT, free T, E2, LH, FSH, and SHBG; and improvements in lean mass (P < 0.001), fat-free mass (P = 0.004), and muscle mass (P < 0.001) in the CC group. CC reduced HDL (P < 0.001). No statistically significant differences were seen in endothelial function.

conclusionsCC appeared to effectively improve the hormonal profile and body composition. CC may be an alternative treatment for MOSH in adult men.

Indexed as

AdultClomipheneDouble-Blind MethodEstrogen AntagonistsHumansHypogonadismMaleObesityClomipheneEstrogen Antagonists

Identifiers

PMID29777228
OpenAlexW2804511542

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.