Observational studyInternational journal of obesity (2005)2018
In utero exposure to gestational diabetes and adiposity: does breastfeeding make a difference?
Observational study in International journal of obesity (2005), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Fetal exposure to gestational diabetes severity and postnatal infant feeding in the first year of life associated with preadolescent obesity: a prospective cohort.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2025Article
- Infant body composition trajectories differ by in utero exposure to gestational diabetes mellitus: a prospective cohort from birth to 12 months.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2025Article
- Breastfeeding, Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Size at Birth and Overweight/Obesity in Early Childhood.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Environment- and epigenome-wide association study of obesity in 'Children of 1997' birth cohort.eLife · 2023Article
- Breastfeeding and growth trajectory from birth to 5 years among children exposed and unexposed to gestational diabetes mellitus in utero.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
objectivesShort-term breastfeeding from mothers with gestational diabetes (GDM) may programme metabolism and increase offspring diabetes risk. We examined the association of in utero GDM exposure with adiposity from infancy to adolescence, and whether any association was modified by breastfeeding during early infancy.
methodsIn the prospective Chinese birth cohort "Children of 1997" (n = 7342, 88% follow-up rate), generalised estimate equations with multiple imputation were used to assess associations of in utero GDM exposure with age- and sex-specific body mass index (BMI) z-score during infancy (3 and 9 months), childhood (2- < 8 years) and adolescence (8-16 years), adjusted for sex, parity, maternal age, birth place, preeclampisa, smoking, and family socio-economic position. We also tested whether the associations differed by mode of infant feeding (always formula-fed, mixed, always breastfed) during the first three months of life.
resultsIn utero GDM exposure (7.5%) was associated with a lower BMI z-score during infancy (-0.13, 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.22, -0.05) but higher BMI z-scores during childhood (0.14, 95% CI 0.03, 0.25) and adolescence (0.25 95% CI 0.11, 0.38). Breastfeeding for the first three months did not modify the association of in utero GDM status with subsequent BMI (all p values for interaction >0.4).
conclusionsIn utero GDM exposure was associated with greater adiposity during childhood and adolescence. Breastfeeding in early infancy from mothers with GDM was not associated with greater adiposity in children and thus should still be encouraged.
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