ArticleVaccine2018
Determinants of cost of routine immunization programme in India.
Article in Vaccine, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Burden of Influenza and Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Introduction of an Influenza Vaccination Programme Among Older Adults in India.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2026Article
- Determinants of costs of human papillomavirus vaccine delivery in six low- and middle-income countries.Vaccine: X · 2024Article
- Cost of Delivering Tetanus Toxoid and Tetanus-Diphtheria Vaccination in Vietnam and the Budget Impact of Proposed Changes to the Schedule.Global health, science and practice · 2022Article
- Public finance of universal routine childhood immunization in India: district-level cost estimates.Health policy and planning · 2022Article
- Article
- Improving vaccination coverage and timeliness through periodic intensification of routine immunization: evidence from Mission Indradhanush.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2021Article
- Household expenditure for immunization among children in India: a two-part model approach.BMC health services research · 2021Article
- Costs of Immunization Programs for 10 Vaccines in 94 Low- and Middle-Income Countries From 2011 to 2030.Value in health : the journal of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research · 2021Article
- Estimating the Unit Costs of Healthcare Service Delivery in India: Addressing Information Gaps for Price Setting and Health Technology Assessment.Applied health economics and health policy · 2020Article
- Variation in cost and performance of routine immunisation service delivery in India.BMJ global health · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The costs of delivering routine immunization services in India vary widely across facilities, districts and states. Understanding the factors influencing this cost variation could help predict future immunization costs and suggest approaches for improving the efficiency of service provision. We examined determinants of facility cost for immunization services based on a nationally representative sample of sub-centres and primary health centres (99 and 89 facilities, respectively) by regressing logged total facility costs, both including and excluding vaccine cost, against several explanatory variables. We used a multi-level regression model to account for the multi-stage sampling design, including state- and district-levelrandom effects. We found that facility costs were significantly associated with total doses administered, type of facility, salary of the main vaccinator, number of immunization sessions, and the distance of the facility from the nearest cold chain point. Use of pentavalent vaccine by the state was an important determinant of total facility cost including vaccine cost. India is introducing several new vaccines including some supported by Gavi. Therefore, the government will have to ensure that additional resources will be made available after the support from Gavi ceases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.