ArticleBMC evolutionary biology2018
Phylogenomic analysis of Apoidea sheds new light on the sister group of bees.
Article in BMC evolutionary biology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers.
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49 citing papers in PubMed.
- Evolution of the α-Glucosidase Gene Family in Apoidea.Ecology and evolution · 2026Article
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- Evolutionary implications of a deep-time perspective on insect pollination.Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · 2025Review
- Morphological constraints in hymenopteran forewings limit flight efficiency optimization.Royal Society open science · 2025Article
- Wild Bee Species (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila) of Three Western Provinces of Cuba: A Century of Temporal Dynamics.Neotropical entomology · 2025Article
- Role specialization and reproductive division of labour at the origin of eusociality.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2025Article
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- Life History ofInsects · 2024Article
- Phylogenomics of the Ecdysteroid Kinase-like (EcKL) Gene Family in Insects Highlights Roles in Both Steroid Hormone Metabolism and Detoxification.Genome biology and evolution · 2024Article
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- The angiosperm radiation played a dual role in the diversification of insects and insect pollinators.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Description ofBiodiversity data journal · 2024Article
- Sex Ratio, Sexual Dimorphism, and Wing Geometric Morphometrics in Species of Trypoxylon Latreille, 1796 (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae).Neotropical entomology · 2023Article
- Article
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11 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundApoid wasps and bees (Apoidea) are an ecologically and morphologically diverse group of Hymenoptera, with some species of bees having evolved eusocial societies. Major problems for our understanding of the evolutionary history of Apoidea have been the difficulty to trace the phylogenetic origin and to reliably estimate the geological age of bees. To address these issues, we compiled a comprehensive phylogenomic dataset by simultaneously analyzing target DNA enrichment and transcriptomic sequence data, comprising 195 single-copy protein-coding genes and covering all major lineages of apoid wasps and bee families.
resultsOur compiled data matrix comprised 284,607 nucleotide sites that we phylogenetically analyzed by applying a combination of domain- and codon-based partitioning schemes. The inferred results confirm the polyphyletic status of the former family "Crabronidae", which comprises nine major monophyletic lineages. We found the former subfamily Pemphredoninae to be polyphyletic, comprising three distantly related clades. One of them, Ammoplanina, constituted the sister group of bees in all our analyses. We estimate the origin of bees to be in the Early Cretaceous (ca. 128 million years ago), a time period during which angiosperms rapidly radiated. Finally, our phylogenetic analyses revealed that within the Apoidea, (eu)social societies evolved exclusively in a single clade that comprises pemphredonine and philanthine wasps as well as bees.
conclusionBy combining transcriptomic sequences with those obtained via target DNA enrichment, we were able to include an unprecedented large number of apoid wasps in a phylogenetic study for tracing the phylogenetic origin of bees. Our results confirm the polyphyletic nature of the former wasp family Crabonidae, which we here suggest splitting into eight families. Of these, the family Ammoplanidae possibly represents the extant sister lineage of bees. Species of Ammoplanidae are known to hunt thrips, of which some aggregate on flowers and feed on pollen. The specific biology of Ammoplanidae as predators indicates how the transition from a predatory to pollen-collecting life style could have taken place in the evolution of bees. This insight plus the finding that (eu)social societies evolved exclusively in a single subordinated lineage of apoid wasps provides new perspectives for future comparative studies.
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