ArticleNutrients2018
Comparison of Human Milk Immunoglobulin Survival during Gastric Digestion between Preterm and Term Infants.
Article in Nutrients, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 99 citations in OpenAlex.
- British Society for Rheumatology guideline on prescribing drugs in pregnancy and breastfeeding: immunomodulatory anti-rheumatic drugs and corticosteroids.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2023Guideline
- Trial
- Effect of Probiotics on the Gut-Mammary Pathway: Implications on Infant Microbiota Transfer and Development.Current nutrition reports · 2026Review
- Immunoglobulin A concentration is lower in mothers' own milk and infant stool in infants who develop necrotising enterocolitis.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Unravelling the effect of parity on immunoglobulins, cytokines and adipokines in human transitional milk and their association with infant infections during the first 6 months of life.International breastfeeding journal · 2025Article
- Article
- Impact of Maternal Exposure to SARS-CoV-2 on Immunological Components of Breast Milk.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Neonates exposed to HIV but uninfected exhibit an altered gut microbiota and inflammation associated with impaired breast milk antibody function.Microbiome · 2024Article
- Unique Kinetics of the Human Milk Antibody Response to JYNNEOS Vaccine for Prevention of Monkey Pox: A Case Study.Breastfeeding medicine : the official journal of the Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine · 2024Article
- The Secretory IgA Response in Human Milk Against the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Is Highly Durable and Neutralizing for At Least 1 Year of Lactation Postinfection.Breastfeeding medicine : the official journal of the Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine · 2023Article
- The secretory IgA (sIgA) response in human milk against the SARS-CoV-2 Spike is highly durable and neutralizing for at least 1 year of lactation post-infection.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2023Article
- Passive transfer of COVID-19 immunoglobulin via breast milk post COVID-19 vaccination of lactating mother: case report and review of the literature.Sudanese journal of paediatrics · 2023Article
- Assessment of human milk samples obtained pre and post-influenza vaccination reveals a poor boosting of seasonally-relevant, hemagglutinin-specific antibodies.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Breastfeeding vs. breast milk transmission during COVID-19 pandemic, which is more important?Frontiers in pediatrics · 2023Review
- Breastfeeding during the COVID-19 pandemic.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2023Review
- Gut microbiome and breast-feeding: Implications for early immune development.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2022Review
- Survival of Vaccine-Induced Human Milk SARS-CoV-2 IgG, IgA and SIgA Immunoglobulins across Simulated Human Infant Gastrointestinal Digestion.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Digested Human Colostrum Reduces Interleukin-8 Production in Induced Human Intestinal Epithelial Cells.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Clinical importance of immunonutrition in infants: a review of the recent literature.Clinical and experimental pediatrics · 2022Article
- Persistence of Anti SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Breast Milk from Infected and Vaccinated Women afterNutrients · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Human milk provides immunoglobulins (Igs) that supplement the passive immune system of neonates; however, the extent of survival of these Igs during gastric digestion and whether this differs between preterm and term infants remains unknown. Human milk, and infant gastric samples at 2 h post-ingestion were collected from 15 preterm (23⁻32 week gestational age (GA)) mother-infant pairs and from 8 term (38⁻40 week of GA) mother-infant pairs within 7⁻98 days postnatal age. Samples were analyzed via ELISA for concentration of total IgA (secretory IgA (SIgA)/IgA), total secretory component (SC/SIgA/SIgM), total IgM (SIgM/IgM), and IgG as well as peptidomics. Total IgA concentration decreased by 60% from human milk to the preterm infant stomach and decreased by 48% in the term infant stomach. Total IgM and IgG concentrations decreased by 33% and 77%, respectively, from human milk to the term infant stomach but were stable in the preterm infant stomach. Release of peptides from all Ig isotypes in the term infant stomach was higher than in the preterm stomach. Overall, the stability of human milk Igs during gastric digestion is higher in preterm infant than in term infants, which could be beneficial for assisting the preterm infants' immature immune system.
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Registered trials
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