ReviewProgress in neurobiology2019
The gist and details of sex differences in cognition and the brain: How parallels in sex differences across domains are shaped by the locus coeruleus and catecholamine systems.
Review in Progress in neurobiology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Daily heart rate variability biofeedback training decreases locus coeruleus MRI contrast in younger adults in a randomized clinical trial.International journal of psychophysiology : official journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology · 2023Trial
- Egocentric Dominance in Spatial Representations: The Role of Environmental Familiarity in Building Cognitive Maps.Brain and behavior · 2026Article
- Age-related differences in locus coeruleus intensity across a demographically diverse sample.Neurobiology of aging · 2025Article
- Differential brainstem connectivity according to sex and menopausal status in healthy male and female individuals.Biology of sex differences · 2025Article
- Locus coeruleus tau validates and informs high-resolution MRI in aging and at earliest Alzheimer's pathology stages.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2025Article
- Own-gender bias in facial feature recognition yields sex differences in holistic face processing.Biology of sex differences · 2025Article
- Sex-specific differences in the efficacy of renal denervation in patients with resistant hypertension depending on visceral obesity and kidney function.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Article
- Functional locus coeruleus imaging to investigate an ageing noradrenergic system.Communications biology · 2024Article
- Are there sex differences in spatial reference memory in the Morris water maze? A large-sample experimental study.Learning & behavior · 2024Article
- Eye movements reveal age differences in how arousal modulates saliency priority but not attention processing speed.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Sex-Related Disparities in the Resting State Functional Connectivity of the Locus Coeruelus and Salience Network in Preclinical Alzheimer's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Gender composition of pairs influences joint action effect.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Article
- Both cute and threatening images drive narrowing of attention in men and women.Psychological research · 2022Article
- Effects of acute exercise on emotional memory.Cognition & emotion · 2022Article
- Sex and strategy effects on brain activation during a 3D-navigation task.Communications biology · 2022Article
- The Cycling Brain in the Workplace: Does Workload Modulate the Menstrual Cycle Effect on Cognition?Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2022Article
- Age, Sex, and Inhibitory Control: Identifying a Specific Impairment in Memorial, But Not Perceptual, Inhibition in Older Women.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2021Article
- Article
- MRI-assessed locus coeruleus integrity is heritable and associated with multiple cognitive domains, mild cognitive impairment, and daytime dysfunction.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2021Article
- Forest Before Trees: Letter Stimulus and Sex Modulate Global Precedence in Visual Perception.Frontiers in psychology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Across three different domains, there are similar sex differences in how men and women process information. There tends to be a male advantage in attending to and remembering the gist (essential central information of a scene or situation), but a female advantage in attending to and remembering the details (non-essential peripheral information of a scene or situation). This is seen in emotional memory, where emotion enhances gist memory more for males than for females, but enhances detail memory more for females than for males. It also occurs in spatial memory, where men tend to notice and remember the gist of where they or objects are in space, allowing them to more flexibly manipulate themselves or objects within that space, whereas women tend to recall the details of the space around them, allowing them to accurately remember the locations of objects. Finally, such sex differences have also been noted in perception of stimuli such that men attend to global aspects of stimuli (such as a large letter E) more than women, whereas women attend more to the local aspects (such as the many smaller letter Ts making up the E). We review the parallel sex differences seen across these domains in this paper and how they relate to the different brain systems involved in each of these task domains. In addition, we discuss how sex differences in evolutionary pressures and in the locus coeruleus and norepinephrine system may account for why parallel sex differences occur across these different task domains.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.