ArticlePLoS pathogens2018
Atrophy of skin-draining lymph nodes predisposes for impaired immune responses to secondary infection in mice with chronic intestinal nematode infection.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effect of helminth infection on vaccine responses in humans and animal models: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Parasite immunology · 2022Pooled it
- Diagnostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio and red blood cell distribution width in tuberculosis combined with other bacterial infections.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2025Article
- Systemic Immune Modulation by Gastrointestinal Nematodes.Annual review of immunology · 2024Review
- Article
- A New Role for Old Friends: Effects of Helminth Infections on Vaccine Efficacy.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Anti-Trichuris mucosal responses are maintained during H. bakeri co-infection despite impaired parasite expulsion.Parasite immunology · 2022Article
- Tissue-specific immunity in helminth infections.Mucosal immunology · 2022Review
- Intestinal helminth infection transforms the CD4Mucosal immunology · 2022Article
- T cell kinetics reveal expansion of distinct lung T cell subsets in acute versus in resolved influenza virus infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Intestinal nematodes suppress immune responses in the context of allergy, gut inflammation, secondary infection and vaccination. Several mechanisms have been proposed for this suppression including alterations in Th2 cell differentiation and increased Treg cell suppressive function. In this study, we show that chronic nematode infection leads to reduced peripheral responses to vaccination because of a generalized reduction in the available responsive lymphocyte pool. We found that superficial skin-draining lymph nodes (LNs) in mice that are chronically infected with the intestinal nematode Heligmosomides polygyrus, do not reach the same cellularity as worm-free mice upon subsequent BCG infection in the skin. B cells and T cells, all declined in skin-draining LN of H. polygyrus-infected mice, resulting in LNs atrophy and altered lymphocyte composition. Importantly, anti-helminthic treatment improved lymphocyte numbers in skin-draining LN, indicating that time after de-worming is critical to regain full-scale LN cellularity. De-worming, and time for the skin LN to recover cellularity, also mended responses to Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) in the LN draining the footpad injection site. Thus, our findings show that chronic nematode infection leads to a paucity of lymphocytes in peripheral lymph nodes, which acts to reduce the efficacy of immune responses at these sites.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.