ArticleJournal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)2018
Brief Report: Cutaneous Melanoma Risk Among People With HIV in the United States and Canada.
Article in Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Melanoma in people living with HIV: antigen-presentation loss, spatial immune escape, and inclusive immunotherapy trials.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- HIV-1 Viremia and Cancer Risk in 2.8 Million People: The South African HIV Cancer Match Study.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2025Article
- A New Approach to Melanoma Treatment: microRNAs.Current topics in medicinal chemistry · 2024Review
- Malignant Melanoma in a Retrospective Cohort of Immunocompromised Patients: A Statistical and Pathologic Analysis.Cancers · 2023Article
- Malignant melanoma: evolving practice management in an era of increasingly effective systemic therapies.Current problems in surgery · 2022Review
- Immunodeficiency and Cancer in 3.5 Million People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV): The South African HIV Cancer Match Study.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021Article
- Timing of Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation and Risk of Cancer Among Persons Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021Article
- The Epidemiology of Skin Cancer and Public Health Strategies for Its Prevention in Southern Africa.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- What's new in HIV dermatology?F1000Research · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
19 authors at 10 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCutaneous melanoma incidence may be modestly elevated in people with HIV (PWH) vs. people without HIV. However, little is known about the relationship of immunosuppression, HIV replication, and antiretroviral therapy (ART) with melanoma risk.
methodsPWH of white race in the North American AIDS Cohort Collaboration on Research and Design were included. A standardized incidence ratio was calculated comparing risk with the white general population, standardizing by age, sex, and calendar period. Associations between melanoma incidence and current, lagged, and cumulative measures of CD4 count, HIV RNA level, and ART use were estimated with Cox regression, adjusting for established risk factors such as age and annual residential ultraviolet B (UVB) exposure.
resultsEighty melanomas were diagnosed among 33,934 white PWH (incidence = 40.75 per 100,000 person-years). Incidence was not elevated compared with the general population [standardized incidence ratio = 1.15, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) = 0.91 to 1.43]. Higher melanoma incidence was associated with older age [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) per decade increase = 1.50, 95% CI = 1.20 to 1.89] and higher UVB exposure (aHR for exposure ≥35 vs. <35 mW/m = 1.62, 95% CI = 0.99 to 2.65). Current, lagged, and cumulative CD4 and HIV RNA were not associated with melanoma incidence. Melanoma incidence was higher among people ART-treated for a larger proportion of time in the previous 720 days (aHR per 10% increase = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.03 to 1.30).
conclusionsThese results suggest that HIV-induced immune dysfunction does not influence melanoma development. The association between ART and melanoma risk may be due to increased skin surveillance among PWH engaged in clinical care. Associations with age and UVB confirmed those established in the general population.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.