ReviewNeuro-oncology2019
Immunotherapy in CNS cancers: the role of immune cell trafficking.
Review in Neuro-oncology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 78 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
78 citing papers in PubMed, 107 citations in OpenAlex.
- Bioengineered cell therapies for pediatric solid tumors: unmet needs and a measurement-integrated approach.Progress in biomedical engineering (Bristol, England) · 2026Review
- Applications of transcranial focused ultrasound for primary brain tumors.Neuro-oncology advances · 2026Review
- Immuno-molecular features and therapeutic implications of brain metastases in clear cell renal cell carcinoma patients.Genes and immunity · 2026Article
- Targeting the COX-2/PGECancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2026Review
- Pathology-directed drug delivery strategies: How to overcome blood-brain barrier for the treatment of brain diseases.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Review
- Patient-derived complex organoids are a critical tool to understand and explore pediatric malignant brain tumors.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2026Review
- Advancing brain immunotherapy through functional nanomaterials.Drug delivery and translational research · 2026Review
- MiR-218-5p inhibits glioma progression by targeting CKLF-like MARVEL transmembrane domain-containing 3.BMC cancer · 2026Article
- Overcoming immunotherapy barriers in pediatric brain tumors: epigenetic strategies.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Epigenomic and Metabolic Interplay in the Development of Metastatic Brain Tumors.Oncology research · 2026Review
- Manganese ion chelated nanoassemblies synergizing metalloimmunotherapy - chemodynamic for potentiating glioblastoma treatment.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Article
- Potential clinical value of circulating tumor cells in predicting progression for atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor in young children.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2025Article
- Advances and obstacles of T cell-based immunotherapy in gynecological malignancies.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
- Immune cell infiltration into brain tumor microenvironment is mediated by Rab27-regulated vascular wall integrity.Science advances · 2025Article
- Comprehensive bioinformatics analysis identified HMGB3 as a promising immunotherapy target for glioblastoma multiforme.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- MR Imaging-Guided Focused Ultrasound-Clinical Applications in Managing Malignant Gliomas.Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America · 2024Review
- Cell-drug conjugates.Nature biomedical engineering · 2024Review
- TRP-2 / gp100 DNA vaccine and PD-1 checkpoint blockade combination for the treatment of intracranial tumors.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2024Article
- Combination of tumor antigen drainage and immune activation to promote a cancer-immunity cycle against glioblastoma.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2024Review
- Glioblastoma: a comprehensive approach combining bibliometric analysis, Latent Dirichlet Allocation, and HJ-Biplot : Glioblastoma insights and trends: a 49-year bibliometric analysis.Neurosurgical review · 2024Article
18 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly malignant CNS tumor with very poor survival despite intervention with conventional therapeutic strategies. Although the CNS is separated from the immune system by the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier, emerging evidence of immune surveillance and the selective infiltration of GBMs by immune suppressive cells indicates that there is breakdown or compromise of these physical barriers. This in turn offers hope that immunotherapy can be applied to specifically target and reduce tumor burden. One of the major setbacks in translating immunotherapy strategies is the hostile microenvironment of the tumor that inhibits trafficking of effector immune cells such as cytotoxic T lymphocytes into the CNS. Incorporating important findings from autoimmune disorders such as multiple sclerosis to understand and thereby enhance cytotoxic lymphocyte infiltration into GBM could augment immunotherapy strategies to treat this disease. However, although these therapies are designed to evoke a potent immune response, limited space in the brain and cranial vault reduces tolerance for immune therapy-induced inflammation and resultant brain edema. Therefore, successful immunotherapy requires that a delicate balance be maintained between activating and retaining lasting antitumor immunity.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.