Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29771313›Full record

ReviewHuman molecular genetics2018

Evaluating the potential role of pleiotropy in Mendelian randomization studies.

Gibran Hemani, Jack Bowden, George Davey Smith

Open access · hybridAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Human molecular genetics, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 908 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
908citing papers in PubMed, 9 pooled it
72.0field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

908 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,633 citations in OpenAlex.

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848 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Gibran HemaniMRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol.
Jack BowdenMRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol.
George Davey SmithMRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol.
MRC Epidemiology Unit · GBUniversity of Bristol · GB

Funding

Medical Research Council MC_UU_00011/2Medical Research Council MC_UU_12013/1Wellcome Trust 208806/Z/17/Z
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Pleiotropy, the phenomenon of a single genetic variant influencing multiple traits, is likely widespread in the human genome. If pleiotropy arises because the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) influences one trait, which in turn influences another ('vertical pleiotropy'), then Mendelian randomization (MR) can be used to estimate the causal influence between the traits. Of prime focus among the many limitations to MR is the unprovable assumption that apparent pleiotropic associations are mediated by the exposure (i.e. reflect vertical pleiotropy), and do not arise due to SNPs influencing the two traits through independent pathways ('horizontal pleiotropy'). The burgeoning treasure trove of genetic associations yielded through genome wide association studies makes for a tantalizing prospect of phenome-wide causal inference. Recent years have seen substantial attention devoted to the problem of horizontal pleiotropy, and in this review we outline how newly developed methods can be used together to improve the reliability of MR.

Indexed as

AnimalsGenetic PleiotropyGenetic VariationGenome, HumanGenome-Wide Association StudyHumansMendelian Randomization AnalysisPhenotypePolymorphism, Single NucleotideReproducibility of Results

Identifiers

PMID29771313
PMCPMC6061876
OpenAlexW2810852503

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.