ArticleJournal of Indian Society of Periodontology
Oral hygiene status, gingival status, periodontal status, and treatment needs among pregnant and nonpregnant women: A comparative study.
Article in Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Periodontitis and Preeclampsia in Pregnancy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Maternal and child health journal · 2022Pooled it
- Trial
- The impact of minimally invasive restorative techniques on perception of dental pain among pregnant women: a randomized controlled clinical trial.BMC oral health · 2021Trial
- [Design and evaluation of an oral health booklet during pregnancy].Atencion primaria · 2026Observational
- Epulis: A Narrative Review of Epidemiology, Clinical Features, Pathogenesis, and Management.Oral health & preventive dentistry · 2025Review
- Oral and gut microbiota in gingivitis subtypes: a causal inference study using Mendelian randomization.BMC oral health · 2025Article
- Salivary microbiota dysbiosis and elevated polyamine levels contribute to the severity of periodontal disease.BMC oral health · 2025Article
- Article
- Periodontal Health Among Pregnant Women in Sri Lanka: A Cross-Sectional Study.Public health challenges · 2024Article
- Article
- Periodontal index and salivary Ph in first trimester´s pregnant women: A cross-sectional study.Journal of clinical and experimental dentistry · 2024Article
- Oral Manifestations in Pregnant Women: A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Background Characteristics and Cognitive Factors as Determinants of Oral Health in Pregnant Women, Tehran, Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study.Frontiers in dentistry · 2024Article
- [Coca leaf chewing as a risk factor for oral health].Revista de salud publica (Bogota, Colombia) · 2023Article
- Systemic Profile and Periodontal Condition of Hospitalized Women with High-Risk Pregnancy: A Cross-Sectional Study.Maternal and child health journal · 2023Article
- Recurrent oral granuloma gravidarum during two pregnancies of a patient with orthodontic treatment: A case report.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2022Article
- A Nested Case-Control Study of the Relationship between Salivary Inflammatory Mediators, Periodontal Parameters, and Preterm Birth in a Chinese Population.BioMed research international · 2022Article
- Sociodemographic Differences in Health Awareness and Oral Health in Pregnant Women.Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde · 2020Article
- Periodontal Health Trajectories across Trimesters in Pregnant Women Compared to Non-pregnant Controls: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of International Society of Preventive & Community DentistryArticle
- Dental Care in High-Risk Pregnancy: A Scoping Review.Special care in dentistry : official publication of the American Association of Hospital Dentists, the Academy of Dentistry for the Handicapped, and the American Society for Geriatric DentistryArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThe gingival and periodontal changes during pregnancy are well known. Gingivitis is the most prevalent oral manifestations associated with pregnancy. The hormonal and vascular changes that accompany pregnancy are known to exaggerate the inflammatory response to the local irritants. Hence, a study was designed to assess oral hygiene status, gingival status, periodontal status, and treatment needs (TNs) among pregnant and nonpregnant women. MATERIALS AND
methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among 120 pregnant and 120 nonpregnant women of 18-44 years age attending the Outpatient Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics in Government Hospital of Belgaum city, Karnataka, India. The study consisted of an interview and oral examination. Type 3 examination was followed. Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S), Gingival Index, and Community Periodontal Index and TNs Index were used to assess "oral hygiene status," "gingival status," and "periodontal status and TNs," respectively.
resultsThe pregnant women showed poor oral hygiene with the mean OHI-S score as 2.68. Gingivitis was prevalent in almost all the pregnant and nonpregnant women. However, it was found more severe in pregnant women with mean gingival score as 1.25. A definite increase in gingivitis was found from Trimester II to Trimester III. The mean number of sextants showing healthy gingiva was significantly (
conclusionsPregnant women showed poor oral hygiene, more gingival inflammation, and more periodontal disease as compared to nonpregnant women. The severity of gingivitis increased in Trimester III. Proper oral hygiene practice can prevent these diseases and further complications.
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