ReviewAnimal nutrition (Zhongguo xu mu shou yi xue hui)2015
Glutamine and glutamate: Nonessential or essential amino acids?
Review in Animal nutrition (Zhongguo xu mu shou yi xue hui), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed, 109 citations in OpenAlex.
- Glutamine metabolism in health and disease.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Glutamine and Its Precursors Supplementation Improve Growth Performance and Immunity and Regulate Gastrointestinal Microbiota of Suckling Lambs.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Glutamine synthetase regulates the changes of vascular permeability in glioma induced by radiotherapy.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025Article
- Associations of high protein supplements with gut microbiota and skeletal muscle mass in hospitalized older people.BMC geriatrics · 2025Article
- Salivary BCAA, Glutamate, Glutamine and Urea as Potential Indicators of Nitrogen Metabolism Imbalance in Breast Cancer.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Article
- Potential of growth factors and steroid hormones from cell cultures to improveOpen veterinary journal · 2025Review
- Active dry yeast enhances immunity through modulation of gut microbiota and serum metabolic processes in captive forest musk deer (Moschus berezovskii).BMC veterinary research · 2025Article
- Association of ultra-processed food-related metabolites with selected biochemical markers in the UK Biobank.Nutrition journal · 2025Article
- Glutamine and glutamate supplementation in sow diets during late gestation and lactation reduces farrowing duration, improves colostrum amino acid content, and enhances piglet weaning weight.Journal of animal science · 2025Article
- L-glutamine- and enzyme-supplementation via liquid feed to suckling piglets does not impact growth, health or intestinal structure.Translational animal science · 2025Article
- Effects of bitter almond on production performance, antioxidant capacity and immune function of Rongde black-feathered small-sized layer strain.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Dietary supplementation with glutamate improves the flesh quality of gibel carp (Journal of nutritional science · 2025Article
- Genome-wide analysis of Brucella melitensis growth in spleen of infected mice allows rational selection of new vaccine candidates.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Adipocytes Are the Only Site of Glutamine Synthetase Expression Within the Lactating Mouse Mammary Gland.Current developments in nutrition · 2024Article
- PoRVA G9P[23] and G5P[7] infections differentially promote PEDV replication by reprogramming glutamine metabolism.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Low crude protein formulation with supplemental amino acids for its impacts on intestinal health and growth performance of growing-finishing pigs.Journal of animal science and biotechnology · 2024Article
- Article
- The Role of Glutamine Homeostasis in Emotional and Cognitive Functions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Dipeptide alanine-glutamine ameliorates retinal neurodegeneration in an STZ-induced rat model.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Glutaminase 1 plays critical roles in myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia cells.Cancer biomarkers : section A of Disease markers · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Glutamine and glutamate are not considered essential amino acids but they play important roles in maintaining growth and health in both neonates and adults. Although glutamine and glutamate are highly abundant in most feedstuffs there is increasing evidence that they may be limiting during pregnancy, lactation and neonatal growth, particularly when relatively low protein diets are fed. Supplementation of diets with glutamine, glutamate or both at 0.5 to 1.0% to both suckling and recently weaned piglets improves intestinal and immune function and results in better growth. In addition such supplementation to the sow prevents some of the loss of lean body mass during lactation, and increases milk glutamine content. However, a number of important questions related to physiological condition, species under study and the form and amount of the supplements need to be addressed before the full benefits of glutamine and glutamate supplementation in domestic animal production can be realized.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.