ArticleOcular oncology and pathology2018
A 20-Year Retrospective Review of Retinoblastoma at Two Tertiary Academic Hospitals in Johannesburg, South Africa.
Article in Ocular oncology and pathology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Expanding the RB1 variant landscape of heritable retinoblastoma: unlocking precision oncology potential in Southern Africa.BMC cancer · 2026Article
- Retinoblastoma survival trend: a 30-year analysis from a referral single center in Iran.International journal of retina and vitreous · 2025Article
- Stage at diagnosis and survival by stage for the leading childhood cancers in Rwanda.Pediatric blood & cancer · 2024Article
- Updated retinoblastoma incidence and outcome in children in Taiwan from 1980 to 2019: a 40-year nationwide study.Eye (London, England) · 2024Article
- Philippine retinoblastoma initiative multi-eye center study 2010-2020.International journal of ophthalmology · 2024Article
- A joinpoint and age-period-cohort analysis of ocular cancer secular trends in Iran from 2004 to 2016.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Survival outcomes of unilateral retinoblastoma based on pathological risk stratification-experience at a tertiary care centre in Pakistan.Ecancermedicalscience · 2022Article
- Clinical Presentations and Outcomes of Retinoblastoma Patients in relation to the Advent of New Multimodal Treatments: A 12-Year Report from Single Tertiary Referral Institute in Thailand.Journal of ophthalmology · 2020Article
- Retinoblastoma in Asia.Eye (London, England) · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimThis paper presents a 20-year review of retinoblastoma in Johannesburg, South Africa, aiming to better characterize the disease in this sub-Saharan setting.
methodsThe study represents a retrospective case series of retinoblastoma patients presenting to Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital and Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital between January 1, 1992, and December 31, 2011.
resultsThe total number of cases identified was 282, with 245 meeting the study inclusion criteria. Retinoblastoma comprised 6.9% of the total pediatric oncology presentations; 65.3% were unilateral, 34.3% bilateral, and 0.4% trilateral. The overall male-to-female ratio was 1.08. The mean age at presentation overall was 32.6 months (median 28.0), in the unilateral group 39.4 months (median 33.0), and in the bilateral group 19.7 months (median 17.0). The mean delay to presentation overall was 7.0 months (median 4.0). The most frequent presenting symptoms were leukocoria (37.1%) and proptosis (34.7%). The distribution of disease stages at presentation (International Retinoblastoma Staging System) was 1.6% stage 0, 24.1% stage I, 27.8% stage II, 16.3% stage III, and 25.3% stage IV. 26.5% defaulted care. The 5-year Kaplan-Meier survival estimate was 57.7% overall.
conclusionThis study shows that delayed presentation and refusal of therapy remains a significant barrier to effective treatment in this African setting.
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