ArticleClinicoEconomics and outcomes research : CEOR2018
Prevalence of antibiotic prescription in southern Italian outpatients: real-world data analysis of socioeconomic and sociodemographic variables at a municipality level.
Article in ClinicoEconomics and outcomes research : CEOR, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Overview of Methods for Assessing Antimicrobial Use in Outpatient Settings in High-Income Countries: A Narrative Review.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Gut microbiota research nexus: One Health relationship between human, animal, and environmental resistomes.mLife · 2023Review
- Factors Associated with Geographical Variability of Antimicrobial Use in Japan.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2023Article
- Overruling of Procalcitonin-Guided Antibiotics for Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in Primary Care: Ancillary Study of a Randomized Controlled Trial.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Socio-economic inequalities in the use of drugs for the treatment of chronic diseases in Italy.International journal for equity in health · 2022Article
- Outpatient Antibiotic Use and Costs in Adults: A Nationwide Register-Based Study in Finland 2008-2019.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Estimating variations in the use of antibiotics in primary care: Insights from the Tuscany region, Italy.The International journal of health planning and management · 2022Article
- Trend in antibiotic prescription to children aged 0-6 years old in the capital region of Denmark between 2009 and 2018: Differences between municipalities and association with socioeconomic composition.The European journal of general practice · 2021Article
- Changes in Multimorbidity and Polypharmacy Patterns in Young and Adult Population over a 4-Year Period: A 2011-2015 Comparison Using Real-World Data.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Observational
- Article
- Effects of Antibiotics upon the Gut Microbiome: A Review of the Literature.Biomedicines · 2020Review
- Patterns of Antibiotic Prescription in Colombia: Are There Differences between Capital Cities and Municipalities?Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Prevalence and Determinants of Antibiotic Consumption in the Elderly during 2006-2017.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Comorbidity in an Older Population with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus: Identification of the Characteristics and Healthcare Utilization of High-Cost Patients.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2020Article
- Drug Utilization Pattern of Antibiotics: The Role of Age, Sex and Municipalities in Determining Variation.Risk management and healthcare policy · 2020Article
- Geographical Variation in Medication Prescriptions: A Multiregional Drug-Utilization Study.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2020Article
- Knowledge and practices regarding antibiotics use: Findings from a cross-sectional survey among Italian adults.Evolution, medicine, and public health · 2020Article
- Intrinsic and external determinants of antibiotic prescribing: a multi-level path analysis of primary care prescriptions in Hubei, China.Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2019Article
- Predictors of new oral anticoagulant drug initiation as opposed to warfarin in elderly adults: a retrospective observational study in Southern Italy.Therapeutics and clinical risk management · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThe aim of this study was to analyze the geographic variation in systemic antibiotic prescription at a regional level and to explore the influence of socioeconomic and sociodemographic variables.
methodsThis study was a retrospective analysis of reimbursement pharmacy records in the outpatient settings of Italy's Campania Region in 2016. Standardized antibiotic prescription rates were calculated at municipality and Local Health Unit (LHU) level. Antibiotic consumption was analyzed as defined daily doses (DDD)/1000 inhabitants per day (DID). Logistic regression was performed to evaluate the association between antibiotic prescription and sociodemographic and socioeconomic determinants at a municipality level.
resultsThe average antibiotic prevalence rate was 46.8%. At LHU level, the age-adjusted prevalence rates ranged from 41.1% in Benevento to 51.0% in Naples2. Significant differences were found among municipalities, from 15.2% in Omignano (Salerno LHU [Sa-LHU]) to 61.9% in Moschiano (Avellino [Av-LHU]). The geographic distribution also showed significant differences in terms of antibiotic consumption, from 6.7 DID in Omignano to 41.6 in San Marcelino (Caserta [Ce-LHU]). Logistic regression showed that both municipality type and average annual income level were the main determinants of antibiotic prescription. Urban municipalities were more than eight times as likely to have antibiotic high prevalence rates compared to rural municipalities (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 8.62; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.06-18.30,
conclusionWe provide a snapshot of Campania's antibiotic consumption, evidencing the impact of both socioeconomic and sociodemographic factors on the prevalence of antibiotic prescription. The observed intraregional variability underlines the lack of shared therapeutic protocols and the need for careful monitoring. Our results can be useful for decision makers to plan educational interventions, thus optimizing health resources and improving rational drug use.
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