ArticleClinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)2018
Somatotype, the risk of hydroxychloroquine retinopathy, and safe daily dosing guidelines.
Article in Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk of Retinopathy Associated with Long-Term Use of Hydroxychloroquine in Patients with Rheumatic Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Arthritis care & research · 2026Pooled it
- Optical Coherence Tomography and Angiography in Hydroxychloroquine Retinopathy: A Narrative Review.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The Role of Hydroxychloroquine in the Management of Rheumatic Disorders: A Comprehensive Review.Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology · 2025Review
- Hydroxychloroquine: A double‑edged sword (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2025Review
- Discontinuation of hydroxychloroquine due to suspected retinal toxicity in systemic lupus erythematosus and the role of multimodal imaging.Turkish journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
- Ellipsoid Zone Hyporeflectivity as an Early Sign of Non-Reversible Hydroxychloroquine Retinopathy: A Case Series.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Article
- Classification of Hydroxychloroquine Retinopathy: A Literature Review and Proposal for Revision.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Risk Factors for Hydroxychloroquine Retinopathy and Its Subtypes.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus May Be a Risk Factor for Antimalarial-Induced Retinopathy Compared With Other Rheumatologic Diseases.ACR open rheumatology · 2023Article
- Hydroxychloroquine-induced Retinal Toxicity.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Review
- Retinal toxicity in a multinational inception cohort of patients with systemic lupus on hydroxychloroquine.Lupus science & medicine · 2022Article
- Ocular findings in Japanese patients with hydroxychloroquine retinopathy developing within 3 years of treatment.Japanese journal of ophthalmology · 2021Article
- Systemic toxicity of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine: prevalence, mechanisms, risk factors, prognostic and screening possibilities.Rheumatology international · 2021Review
- An objective method of diagnosing hydroxychloroquine maculopathy.Eye (London, England) · 2021Article
- Prevalence of hydroxychloroquine retinopathy with long-term use in a cohort of Indian patients with rheumatic diseases.Rheumatology international · 2021Observational
- Hydroxychloroquine retinopathy - implications of research advances for rheumatology care.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThe aim of this study was to determine whether somatotype influences the risk of hydroxychloroquine (HC) retinopathy (HCR) and whether dosing by real body weight (RBW), ideal body weight (IBW), or the lesser of these better predicts the risk of HCR. PATIENTS AND
methodsA total of 565 patients taking HC for whom height and weight were recorded and a sensitive ancillary testing modality was used including 10-2 visual fields, spectral domain optical coherence tomography, fundus autofluorescence imaging, and multifocal electroretinography were enrolled. Body mass index (BMI) was compared for patients without and with HCR. Logistic regression models of age, cumulative dose, and daily dosing based on RBW, IBW, or lesser of these were compared. Area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic plots was used to assess the diagnostic accuracy of RBW, IBW, and lesser of these guidelines for safe dosing. Probability plots for the risk of retinopathy versus BMI were compared for the different recommended guidelines on safe dosing.
resultsA total of 41 patients had HCR. The median BMI was 27.6 (interquartile range [IQR] 24.3, 32.6) and 24.0 (IQR 21.0, 31.6) for patients without and with HCR (
conclusionShort, asthenic women are at higher risk for HCR. The 2011 American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO) guidelines are safer for short, obese women. The 2016 AAO guidelines are safer for short, asthenic patients. Choosing daily dosing based on the lesser of the RBW and IBW guidelines is safer for all patients.
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